The zoom lens consists of a first unit, a second unit, a third unit, a fourth unit, and a fifth unit in order from the magnification side, and forms an intermediate image. The first unit consists of one lens group which has a positive refractive power. The second unit consists of two lens groups which move during magnification change and has a negative refractive power as a whole at the wide angle end. The third unit includes one or more lens groups which move during magnification change. The fourth unit includes one or more lens groups which move during magnification change.

An imaging optical system includes a plurality of lens units. Each distance between adjacent lens units among the plurality of lens units changes during zooming. The plurality of lens units include a first lens unit with negative refractive power and a second lens unit with positive refractive power disposed closer to an image plane than the first lens unit, and a first transmissive reflective surface and a second transmissive reflective surface disposed closer to the image plane than the first transmissive reflective surface.