An interior rearview mirror assembly includes a mounting structure configured for mounting at an interior portion of a vehicle. A distal end portion of the mounting arm is at an angle relative to a proximal end portion of the mounting arm at the interior portion of the vehicle. An attaching element is fixedly disposed at the distal end portion. A mirror housing includes an aperture, and the mounting arm of the mounting structure passes through the aperture without making contact with the mirror housing. A reflective element is attached at an attachment plate disposed within the mirror housing. A motorized actuator is mounted at the attachment plate at the reflective element or at the attaching element at the distal end portion of the mounting arm. The motorized actuator is electrically operable to adjust the reflective element and the mirror housing together and in tandem relative to the mounting structure.

An interior rearview mirror assembly includes a mounting structure configured for mounting at an interior portion of a vehicle. A distal end portion of the mounting arm is at an angle relative to a proximal end portion of the mounting arm at the interior portion of the vehicle. An attaching element is fixedly disposed at the distal end portion. A mirror housing includes an aperture, and the mounting arm of the mounting structure passes through the aperture without making contact with the mirror housing. A reflective element is attached at an attachment plate disposed within the mirror housing. A motorized actuator is mounted at the attachment plate at the reflective element or at the attaching element at the distal end portion of the mounting arm. The motorized actuator is electrically operable to adjust the reflective element and the mirror housing together and in tandem relative to the mounting structure.

Provided is an ATR prism, including a material having an internal transmittance of 90% or higher at a wavelength falling within a wavelength range of from 8 μm to 10 μm, when the material has a thickness of 2 mm. The ATR prism includes: a first surface including a first totally reflecting surface; a second surface including a second totally reflecting surface; and a recessed portion formed in one of the first surface or the second surface.

Provided is an ATR prism, including a material having an internal transmittance of 90% or higher at a wavelength falling within a wavelength range of from 8 μm to 10 μm, when the material has a thickness of 2 mm. The ATR prism includes: a first surface including a first totally reflecting surface; a second surface including a second totally reflecting surface; and a recessed portion formed in one of the first surface or the second surface.

A monolithic optical retarder formed from a monolithic prism may include an input face for receiving a light beam, an output face aligned with an optical axis of the light beam prior to entering the input face, and three or more reflection faces. The three or more reflection faces may be oriented to provide an optical path for the light beam from the input face to the output face via reflection by the three or more reflection faces, where the monolithic optical retarder imparts a selected optical retardation on the light beam based on total internal reflection on at least one of the reflection faces. Further, the input face, the output face, and the three or more reflection faces may be oriented such that an optical axis of the light beam exiting the output face is equal to the optical axis of the light beam entering the input face.

A monolithic optical retarder formed from a monolithic prism may include an input face for receiving a light beam, an output face aligned with an optical axis of the light beam prior to entering the input face, and three or more reflection faces. The three or more reflection faces may be oriented to provide an optical path for the light beam from the input face to the output face via reflection by the three or more reflection faces, where the monolithic optical retarder imparts a selected optical retardation on the light beam based on total internal reflection on at least one of the reflection faces. Further, the input face, the output face, and the three or more reflection faces may be oriented such that an optical axis of the light beam exiting the output face is equal to the optical axis of the light beam entering the input face.

Described examples a three-dimensional printer includes a vat having a transparent bottom, the vat configured to contain a photo-polymerizing resin and a lift plate movably positioned within the vat. The three-dimensional printer also includes an optical device configured to project a pattern of light through the transparent bottom. The optical device includes a light source configured to provide light at a light source output and a light integrator configured to provide divergent light at a light integrator output responsive to the light at the light source output. The optical device also includes projection optics configured to project projection output light at an optics output through the transparent bottom responsive to a modulated light at the optics input and a spatial light modulator configured to provide the modulated light responsive to the divergent light.

Described examples a three-dimensional printer includes a vat having a transparent bottom, the vat configured to contain a photo-polymerizing resin and a lift plate movably positioned within the vat. The three-dimensional printer also includes an optical device configured to project a pattern of light through the transparent bottom. The optical device includes a light source configured to provide light at a light source output and a light integrator configured to provide divergent light at a light integrator output responsive to the light at the light source output. The optical device also includes projection optics configured to project projection output light at an optics output through the transparent bottom responsive to a modulated light at the optics input and a spatial light modulator configured to provide the modulated light responsive to the divergent light.

An anti-vibration optical system is an observation optical system including, in sequence from an object side, an objective optical system, an erecting prism, and an ocular optical system, wherein: in sequence from the object side, the objective optical system includes a first lens group having a positive refracting power and a second lens group having a negative refracting power; in sequence from the object side, the second lens group comprises a positive lens group having a positive refracting power and a negative lens group having a negative refracting power; and an image position can be changed by the negative lens group of the second lens group being displaced in a direction orthogonal to an optical axis.

A deflection prism assembly for an endoscope having a lateral viewing direction, the deflection prism assembly including: a prism holder; and a deflection prism accommodated in the prism holder; wherein the deflection prism has a light outlet surface and an opposite light inlet surface arranged obliquely to the light outlet surface, the deflection prism further having a lateral surface extending between the light inlet surface and the light outlet surface; and the prism holder accommodates the deflection prism such that the prism holder surrounds less than all regions of the lateral surface of the deflection prism.