A field-of-view transformation structure of a head-mounted magnifying-glass comprises: a wearing-piece, a supporting-assembly, a first pivoting-portion, a magnifying-glass main-body, a first prism main-body, and a second prism main-body; wherein the supporting-assembly is set with the wearing-piece, the first pivoting-portion is defined on the supporting-assembly, the magnifying-glass main-body and the first pivoting-portion are pivotally set mutually, a first facing-eye-surface is defined on the first prism main-body corresponding to the magnifying-glass main-body, and a second facing-eye-surface is defined on a offset position of the magnifying-glass main-body; thus, the user can wear the wearing-piece, when wanting using the first prism main-body to watch, the magnifying-glass main-body can be flipped upwards; or, the user can directly view the second facing-eye-surface to simultaneously watch other parts of the patient when watching the magnifying-glass main-body. Besides the magnified field-of-view is bigger than the conventional technology, it also has the advantage of wide-angle field-of-view.

A multi-camera vehicular video display system includes an interior rearview mirror assembly having a mirror head that includes a transflective mirror element and a video display screen disposed behind the transflective mirror element. The mirror assembly includes a mechanism that is operable to change orientation of the transflective mirror element relative to a driver of the vehicle. When the mechanism changes orientation to a second position that is tilted away from the eyes of the driver of the vehicle, the video display screen displays video images viewable through the transflective mirror element. When the mechanism changes orientation to a first position that is tilted towards the eyes of the driver of the vehicle, the video display screen does not display video images. The displayed video images are derived, at least in part, from image data captured by at least one exterior viewing camera of the vehicle.

A multi-camera vehicular video display system includes an interior rearview mirror assembly having a mirror head that includes a transflective mirror element and a video display screen disposed behind the transflective mirror element. The mirror assembly includes a mechanism that is operable to change orientation of the transflective mirror element relative to a driver of the vehicle. When the mechanism changes orientation to a second position that is tilted away from the eyes of the driver of the vehicle, the video display screen displays video images viewable through the transflective mirror element. When the mechanism changes orientation to a first position that is tilted towards the eyes of the driver of the vehicle, the video display screen does not display video images. The displayed video images are derived, at least in part, from image data captured by at least one exterior viewing camera of the vehicle.

Disclosed are a camera and an image display apparatus including the same. The camera according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises: a first optical structure configured to refract and reflect a first input beam to output a second beam with a width smaller than a width of the first input beam; and a second optical structure configured to refract and reflect the second beam from the first optical structure to output a third beam with a width greater than the width of the second beam, wherein the first optical structure comprises a first reflection surface configured to reflect the first input beam, and wherein a first angle between the first reflection surface and the second beam and a second angle between an orthogonal surface orthogonal to the first input beam and the first reflection surface are each greater than 0 and smaller than 45. Accordingly, a thickness of the camera may be reduced.

Disclosed are a camera and an image display apparatus including the same. The camera according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises: a first optical structure configured to refract and reflect a first input beam to output a second beam with a width smaller than a width of the first input beam; and a second optical structure configured to refract and reflect the second beam from the first optical structure to output a third beam with a width greater than the width of the second beam, wherein the first optical structure comprises a first reflection surface configured to reflect the first input beam, and wherein a first angle between the first reflection surface and the second beam and a second angle between an orthogonal surface orthogonal to the first input beam and the first reflection surface are each greater than 0 and smaller than 45. Accordingly, a thickness of the camera may be reduced.

An optical system includes in order from an object side, an objective optical system, a /4 wavelength plate including one birefringent material, a polarizing beam splitter which splits light from the objective optical system into two, and an image sensor which picks up two images split. The polarizing beam splitter causes to occur an axial astigmatism of an opposite sign with respect to an axial astigmatism occurred due to the /4 wavelength plate, the following conditional expression (1) is satisfied.
1.1Fno/(d/|n|)49(1) where, Fno denotes an effective F-number of the objective optical system, d denotes a thickness of the /4 wavelength plate, and n denotes a birefringence of the /4 wavelength plate for an e-line, provided that, |0.01|<n.

An optical system includes a first light folding element (e.g., a prism), a second light folding element (e.g., another prism or a mirror), and a lens system located between the first light folding element and the second light folding element. In some cases, the lens system includes a lens stack having either four or five lens elements with refractive power. The first light folding element redirects light from an object field from a first axis to the lens system on a second axis. The plurality of refractive lens elements in the lens stack refract the light to the second light folding element. The second light folding element redirects the light from the second axis onto a third axis to form an image of the object field at an image plane. The optical system has a 35 mm equivalent focal length within a range of 85 to 160 mm.

An optical system includes a first light folding element (e.g., a prism), a second light folding element (e.g., another prism or a mirror), and a lens system located between the first light folding element and the second light folding element. In some cases, the lens system includes a lens stack having either four or five lens elements with refractive power. The first light folding element redirects light from an object field from a first axis to the lens system on a second axis. The plurality of refractive lens elements in the lens stack refract the light to the second light folding element. The second light folding element redirects the light from the second axis onto a third axis to form an image of the object field at an image plane. The optical system has a 35 mm equivalent focal length within a range of 85 to 160 mm.

An interior rearview mirror assembly includes a mounting structure configured for mounting at an interior portion of a vehicle. A distal end portion of the mounting arm is at an angle relative to a proximal end portion of the mounting arm at the interior portion of the vehicle. An attaching element is fixedly disposed at the distal end portion. A mirror housing includes an aperture, and the mounting arm of the mounting structure passes through the aperture without making contact with the mirror housing. A reflective element is attached at an attachment plate disposed within the mirror housing. A motorized actuator is mounted at the attachment plate at the reflective element or at the attaching element at the distal end portion of the mounting arm. The motorized actuator is electrically operable to adjust the reflective element and the mirror housing together and in tandem relative to the mounting structure.

Disclosed is an optical scope including an objective lens, an eyepiece lens, and a reticle, wherein a field lens having negative power is disposed in at least one of a front and a back of the reticle disposed on an image formation surface of the objective lens to increase eye-relief.