Display performance can be improved by reducing light leak in an oblique direction at the time of black display while increasing front brightness. Provided is a backlight unit including: a light collimating member in which a lens array is formed on one surface of a transparent substrate and a plurality of truncated cones are arranged on another surface of the transparent substrate; a light guide plate; and a light source, in which the truncated cone on the light collimating member has a shape in which a width decreases away from the transparent substrate in a height direction, a position of each of lenses of the lens array deviates from a position of the truncated cone corresponding to the lens to move away from the light source in a direction that connects a center of the lens and the light source most adjacent to the lens, an optical axis of the lens is arranged to pass through a slope of the truncated cone corresponding to the lens, the light guide plate and a surface of the truncated cone opposite to the transparent substrate are in contact with each other, and the shape of the truncated cone of the light collimating member satisfies specific expressions.

The liquid crystal illumination device includes a light source projecting light to a liquid crystal panel, a first diffusion unit diffusing the projected light, a first light guide unit including a radially widened reflection surface and reflect the diffused light at the reflection surface, a reflecting mirror including an opening, part of the light guided by the first light guide unit being reflected and returned to inside the first light guide unit, and remaining light passing through the opening, a light collecting unit collecting light passing through an opening on the reflecting mirror, and a second diffusion unit diffusing the collected light toward the liquid crystal panel. The opening on the reflecting mirror is formed correspondingly to a display region where the liquid crystal panel display an image. A haze value of the first diffusion unit is set to a value higher than that of the second diffusion unit.

An optical lens and a light source module are provided. The optical lens includes a light incident portion and a light guiding portion. The light incident portion includes two back optical surfaces, a first light incident surface, and two second light incident surfaces. The light guiding portion has a plurality of light guiding branches and the light guiding branches extend along different extending directions, wherein each of the light guiding branches has a main light emitting surface, and the first light incident surface and the second light incident surface face the main light emitting surfaces of the light guiding branches, respectively.

Non-imaging radiation collecting and concentrating devices, and assemblies, are disclosed. The non-imaging radiation collecting and concentrating devices comprise an entrance aperture for receiving incoming radiation, an exit aperture located opposite to the entrance aperture for outputting concentrated radiation, and one or more concaved reflectors arranged between the entrance and exit apertures. The concaved reflectors define an acceptance angle of the device relative to an optical axis thereof and configured such that their optical focuses are located between edges of the exit aperture and the optical axis, thereby substantially preventing escape of the incoming radiation received in the entrance aperture within the acceptance angle and providing substantial uniform radiation collection at the exit aperture of the device.

A method of anti-fouling of a surface while said surface is at least partially submersed in an liquid environment, comprising: providing an anti-fouling light; distributing at least part of the light through an optical mediumcomprising a silicone material and/or UV grade fused silica; emitting the anti-fouling light from the optical medium and from the surface.

There is set forth herein a device comprising structure defining a detector surface configured for supporting biological or chemical substances, and a sensor array comprising light sensors and circuitry to transmit data signals using photons detected by the light sensors. The device can include one or more features for reducing fluorescence range noise in a detection band of the sensor array.

An optical apparatus is provided. The apparatus comprises a rotatable reflecting member including a first reflecting surface and a second reflecting surface, an optical system configured to sequentially reflect, by a plurality of reflecting surfaces included therein, light reflected by the first reflecting surface and cause the light to be incident on the second reflecting surface, and an adjusting device configured to change a rotation angle of the reflecting member to adjust an optical path of light that is reflected by the second reflecting surface and exits the second reflecting surface.

An optical lens and a light source module are provided. The optical lens includes a light incident portion and a light guiding portion. The light incident portion includes two back optical surfaces, a first light incident surface, and two second light incident surfaces. The light guiding portion has a plurality of light guiding branches and the light guiding branches extend along different extending directions, wherein each of the light guiding branches has a main light emitting surface, and the first light incident surface and the second light incident surface face the main light emitting surfaces of the light guiding branches, respectively.

A tubular lighting device encloses a plurality of LEDs and delivers light with uniformity, resembling the light delivered by a single linear light source. The tubular lighting device comprises a housing, a lighting chassis mounted on the housing, at least one circuit board with a plurality of LEDs mounted on the lighting chassis, each LED having a length A and two adjacent LEDs being separated by a distance L, a thin film mounted on the base and above the plurality of LEDs, the thin film being separated from the plurality of LEDs by a distance H, and a lens mounted on the lighting chassis and above the thin film.

A light-collecting unit having an inverted pyramid shape is described. The light-collecting unit has one or more outer light-collecting panel facing inward. The light-collecting unit also includes a first plurality of inner, light-collecting panels facing outward and a second plurality of inner, light-collecting panels facing inward. A flower base is configured to support the first plurality of inner, light-collecting panels and the second plurality of inner, light-collecting panels. The first plurality of inner, light-collecting panels is disposed on an outer facing side of the flower base and the second plurality of inner, light-collecting panels is disposed on an inner facing side of the flower base. The light-collecting unit may also include a light emitting element, such as an LED or fiber optic cable end. The light emitting element may provide infrared light to the light-collecting unit. The light emitting element may provide the light using pulse-wave modulation.