A multilayer polymeric reflector is provided which comprises: a) a plurality of first optical layers, each first optical layer comprising a polyester having terephthalate comonomer units and ethylene glycol comonomer units, the polyester having a glass transition temperature, where each first optical layer is oriented, and b) a plurality of second optical layers disposed in a repeating sequence with the plurality of first optical layers, each second optical layer comprising a blend of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), where the blend has a glass transition temperature less than the glass transition temperature of the polyester comprising the first optical layers, and where the amount of PVDF in the PMMA/PVDF blend is greater than and not equal to about 40% and not more than about 65%. Articles comprising the multilayer polymeric reflector are also provided.

One object is to reduce an allowable torque of a driving device. A driving device for driving a panel of a heliostat includes a second axis driving portion for rotating the panel around a second axis non-parallel to a first axis around which the panel is turned with respect to a horizontal plane. The second axis of the second axis driving portion is inclined at a predetermined angle with respect to a panel surface of the panel.

A heliostat apparatus includes one mirror frame supporting a reflecting mirror; a pair of north-south rotational shafts to rotate the mirror frame in the north-south direction; an east-west rotational shaft to rotate the mirror frame in the east-west direction with the north-south direction as the rotational axis direction; a pair of arms projecting from the east-west rotational shaft to the east and west; an east-west rotational shaft support allowing east-west rotational shaft axial rotation; and the north-south rotational shafts positioned to face each other on the ends of the arms. The mirror frame rotation, etc. as an integrated unit in the east-west direction with the east-west rotational shaft as the rotational axis adjusts a reflecting mirror reflecting surface east-west angle. With the north-south rotational shaft as the rotational axis, the mirror frame rotation in the north-south direction adjusts the north-south angle of at least one reflecting mirror reflecting surface.

Integrated rotary structure and fabrication method thereof are provided. An integrated rotary structure includes a cylinder material. The cylinder material includes a circular side wall, a third surface at one end of the circular side wall and a fourth surface at another end of the circular side wall opposing to the third surface. The third surface of the cylinder material is machined to form an elliptical reflective surface. The circular side wall of the cylinder material is machined to form a fifth surface and a sixth surface. A central symmetrical axis of the fifth surface and the sixth surface coincides with a first optical axis of the elliptical reflective surface. By using the fifth surface and the sixth surface as holding planes, the third surface is machined to form a curved non-reflective surface surrounding the elliptical reflective surface.

An apparatus for measuring characteristics of an electronic display panel includes an array of optical elements. Each optical element has a first surface and a second surface. The first surface faces the electronic display panel and receives light from pixels of the electronic display panel. The second surface faces away from the electronic display panel and has an area smaller than the area of the first surface. The second surface emits a combined version of the light received by the first surface. The apparatus further includes a light sensor facing the second surface to measure one or more parameters of the emitted light.

A torque tube coupler that rigidly connects reflectors and provides for substantially 360 rotational freedom for the reflectors as well as the ability to transmit rotation from one reflector to another so that the reflectors may essentially be placed at the same angle. The torque coupler includes first and second torque tube coupler assemblies each configured to be connected to a reflector in a solar energy collection system. The torque coupler also includes a support point that supports said first torque coupler assembly and said second torque tube coupler assembly. This support point includes a shaft that facilitates the rigid connection of the first torque tube coupler assembly to the second torque tube coupler assembly and a bearing that facilitates 360 rotation of the first reflector and the second reflector.

A torque tube coupler that rigidly connects reflectors and provides for substantially 360 rotational freedom for the reflectors as well as the ability to transmit rotation from one reflector to another so that the reflectors may essentially be placed at the same angle. The torque coupler includes first and second torque tube coupler assemblies each configured to be connected to a reflector in a solar energy collection system. The torque coupler also includes a support point that supports said first torque coupler assembly and said second torque tube coupler assembly. This support point includes a shaft that facilitates the rigid connection of the first torque tube coupler assembly to the second torque tube coupler assembly and a bearing that facilitates 360 rotation of the first reflector and the second reflector.

A laser annealing apparatus, a fabrication method of a polysilicon thin film, and a fabrication method of a thin film transistor are provided. The laser annealing apparatus includes: a laser generator, an optical system and an annealing chamber. The laser generator is configured to emit a laser beam, and the laser beam is guided to the annealing chamber via the optical system. The optical system includes a beam splitter, the beam splitter decomposes the laser beam into a first beam and a second beam, an energy density of the first beam is greater than an energy density of the second beam, and the first beam and the second beam are guided into the annealing chamber for laser annealing.

A laser diode assembly is disclosed, in which a transmissive reflector is used to redirect the laser beam upwards or to turn or rotate the laser beam. The reflector has at least one Brewster transmissive surface and at least one total internal reflection surface. Several total internal reflection surfaces rotated with respect to one another may be used in a single reflector to redirect and rotate the laser diode beam.

The present application provides a light reaction machine including: a box including a bottom, a top, and a lateral wall between the bottom and the top; a temperature and humidity controller on the bottom, controlling temperature, humidity, and oxygen content inside the box; a transparent substrate on the temperature and humidity controller, including a first face and a second face opposite to the first face; a first light source on the top, irradiating the first face; a second light source between the transparent substrate and the temperature and humidity controller, irradiating the second face; a transparent carrier between the transparent substrate and the second light source, loading the transparent substrate; and a reflector on the lateral wall, reflecting light emitting to the lateral wall to the transparent substrate.