An image display apparatus according to one embodiment of the present disclosure includes: an output section that outputs projection light along a predetermined axis; an irradiated member to be irradiated with the projection light; and a first optical member that is disposed downstream of the irradiated member on a light path of the projection light, and reflects or diffuses a portion of the projection light that has transmitted through the irradiated member.

The invention is directed towards employing semiconductor-based waveguides as secondary optical components that reduce the beam divergence of light generated by LEDs. A lighting source includes a first semiconductor die and a second semiconductor die. The first semiconductor die includes an LED. The second semiconductor die is bonded to the first semiconductor device and includes a crystalline waveguide having a first waveguide surface, a second waveguide surface, and a waveguide body. The first waveguide surface receives light from the LED. The waveguide body is comprised of a crystalline material that transmits the received light from the first waveguide surface to the second waveguide surface. The second waveguide surface emits the received portion of the light with a second beam divergence that is significantly less than the first beam divergence.

An optical lens includes a first light incident portion where a narrow-angle light from a light source is incident, a second light incident portion where a wide-angle light from the light source is incident, a first total reflecting portion that totally reflects incident light from the first light incident portion, a second total reflecting portion that totally reflects incident light from the second light incident portion, and a light exiting portion that emits light totally reflected at the second total reflecting portion. The second total reflecting portion allows light totally reflected at the first total reflecting portion to pass through.

A method of making a light converting optical system comprising providing a first optical layer, a thin sheet of reflective light scattering material, a light source, a second optical layer approximately coextensive with the first optical layer, a continuous broad-area photoabsorptive film layer approximately coextensive with the first optical layer, positioning the thin sheet of reflective light scattering material parallel to the first optical layer, positioning the continuous broad-area photoabsorptive film layer between and parallel to the first optical layer and the thin sheet of reflective material, and positioning the second optical layer on a light path between the light source and the continuous broad-area photoabsorptive film layer. The first optical layer has a microstructured broad-area front surface comprising an array of linear grooves disposed side by side and extending along a straight line between two edges of the layer.

A lens has a light source setting location, first portion and second portion, the second portion has a first light inlet surface, first connection surface, first total reflection surface, second total reflection surface, third total reflection surface, and first light outlet surface being connected to the free end of the first total reflection surface and the third total reflection surface, and emitting the reflected light emitted from the third total reflection surface, and the maximum optical intensity direction of the second light beam emitted from the first light outlet surface intersects with the main optical axis. The lens and the lamp with the lens realizes uniform lighting in a large area on one side, and has small volume and high light efficiency.

According to at least one embodiment, a lens mirror array includes a plurality of optical elements. An optical element of the plurality of optical elements includes an incident surface on which light is incident, an emitting surface configured to emit the light incident through the incident surface, at least one reflecting surface reflecting the light incident through the incident surface toward the emitting surface, and a light shielding portion configured to block the light. The incident surface includes an effective surface configured to pass effective light emitted from the emitting surface and a directional surface configured to direct unnecessary light to the light shielding portion.

An optical device (201) comprises a lens (205) having a light ingress surface (206) and a light egress surface (207). The light ingress surface comprises one or more V-shaped projections on a center area (208) of the light ingress surface and the light ingress surface is free from corners on areas (209) outside the center area. Each V-shaped projection is shaped so that a surface penetration takes place when a light beam arrives at a side surface of the V-shaped projection and a total internal reflection takes place when the light beam arrives at the other side surface of the V-shaped projection. Thus, obliquely arriving light beams emitted by edge areas of a light emitting surface (213) of a light source (202) are mixed better with light beams emitted by other areas of the light emitting surface. Therefore, undesired color variations within a light distribution pattern are reduced.

An apparatus includes an in-line reflective optical system configured to receive an input optical beam and provide an output optical beam. The in-line reflective optical system includes first and second powered mirrors aligned back-to-back. The first powered mirror is configured to reflect the input optical beam as a first intermediate beam. The in-line reflective optical system also includes first and second reflective surfaces respectively configured to reflect the first intermediate beam as a second intermediate beam and to reflect the second intermediate beam as a third intermediate beam. The second powered mirror is configured to reflect the third intermediate beam as the output optical beam. A spacing between the first and second reflective surfaces and the first and second powered mirrors is adjustable to control a focus of the output optical beam without introducing boresight error in the output optical beam.

A variety of light-emitting devices for general illumination utilizing solid state light sources (e.g., light emitting diodes) are disclosed. In general, the devices include a scattering element in combination with an extractor element. The scattering element, which may include elastic and/or inelastic scattering centers, is spaced apart from the light source element. Opposite sides of the scattering element have asymmetric optical interfaces, there being a larger refractive index mismatch at the interface facing the light emitting element than the interface between the scattering element and the extractor element. Such a structure favors forward scattering of light from the scattering element. In other words, the system favors scattering out of the scattering element into the extractor element over backscattering light towards the light source element. The extractor element, in turn, is sized and shaped to reduce reflection of light exiting the light-emitting device at the devices interface with the ambient environment.

A lamp for a vehicle includes a first lamp module including a first lens that forms a first light distribution pattern with light emitted from a first light source device, a second lamp module including a second lens that forms a second light distribution pattern with light emitted from a second light source device, and a third lamp module including a third lens that forms a third light distribution pattern with light emitted from a third light source device. The first lens and the second lens are formed such that a horizontal focus and a vertical focus are the same as each other, and the third lens is formed such that a horizontal focus and a vertical focus differ from each other.