In order to achieve a display device that can display a plurality of images and also prevents a lowering of resolution of the images displayed by emitting light in a plurality of different direction from one pixel, a display device, which is a display device that can display at least two images by emitting light in at least two directions from each of a plurality of pixels, includes: a backlight unit, a backlight side substrate, a display side substrate, a MEMS shutter, and a display control unit. The display device can display an image for a first viewpoint and an image for a second viewpoint by the display control unit controlling the MEMS shutter for each of the pixels.

In order to achieve a display device that can display a plurality of images and also prevents a lowering of resolution of the images displayed by emitting light in a plurality of different direction from one pixel, a display device, which is a display device that can display at least two images by emitting light in at least two directions from each of a plurality of pixels, includes: a backlight unit, a backlight side substrate, a display side substrate, a MEMS shutter, and a display control unit. The display device can display an image for a first viewpoint and an image for a second viewpoint by the display control unit controlling the MEMS shutter for each of the pixels.

An apparatus includes one or more light sources configured to provide light having at least three different colors and a backlight layer configured for diffusing the light. A MEMS-based shutter layer includes a plurality of pixel elements having shutters programmably controlled to allow light from the backlight layer to pass through the shutter layer when the MEMS-based shutter is in an open configuration and to block light from passing through the shutter layer when in a closed configuration. A processor is configured to control the provision of the different colored light from the one or more light sources to the backlight layer and configured to control the passage of light from the backlight layer through the plurality of pixel elements to provide a predetermined image on the display apparatus. A hard, scratch resistant cover glass layer is stacked above the MEMS-based shutter layer. The MEMS-based shutter layer is stacked above the backlight layer without any intermediate layer between it and the backlight layer, and the cover glass layer is stacked above the MEMS-based shutter layer without any intermediate layer between the shutter layer and the cover glass layer.

An apparatus includes one or more light sources configured to provide light having at least three different colors and a backlight layer configured for diffusing the light. A MEMS-based shutter layer includes a plurality of pixel elements having shutters programmably controlled to allow light from the backlight layer to pass through the shutter layer when the MEMS-based shutter is in an open configuration and to block light from passing through the shutter layer when in a closed configuration. A processor is configured to control the provision of the different colored light from the one or more light sources to the backlight layer and configured to control the passage of light from the backlight layer through the plurality of pixel elements to provide a predetermined image on the display apparatus. A hard, scratch resistant cover glass layer is stacked above the MEMS-based shutter layer. The MEMS-based shutter layer is stacked above the backlight layer without any intermediate layer between it and the backlight layer, and the cover glass layer is stacked above the MEMS-based shutter layer without any intermediate layer between the shutter layer and the cover glass layer.

A confocal microscope is provided that includes one or more lasers focused by an optical system into a line on the surface of a sample mounted to a stage. The microscope further includes at least one linear array detector that is optically conjugated to the focused line. The stage permits movement of the sample with respect to all other components of the microscope, which remain stationary.

A confocal microscope is provided that includes one or more lasers focused by an optical system into a line on the surface of a sample mounted to a stage. The microscope further includes at least one linear array detector that is optically conjugated to the focused line. The stage permits movement of the sample with respect to all other components of the microscope, which remain stationary.

Imaging optical system comprising an objective with a compensation plate and an imaging sensor, wherein the objective is arranged to image objects which are arranged in an object plane in an image plane, a distance from the object plane to the objective is adjustable, the image sensor is arranged to capture the image in the image plane, a thickness of the compensation plate along the optical axis of the objective is adjustable, and the thickness depends on the distance.

Systems and methods for preventing high-radiant-flux light, such as laser light or a nuclear flash, from causing harm to imaging devices, such as a camera or telescope. In response to detection of high-radiant-flux light, the proposed systems have the feature in common that a shutter is closed sufficiently fast that light from the source will be blocked from reaching the image sensor of the imaging device. Some of the proposed systems include a folded optical path to increase the allowable reaction time to close the shutter.

This disclosure provides systems, methods, and apparatus for display elements configured for rotational movement. A display element can include a light modulator and a first electrostatic actuator configured to induce rotational movement of the light modulator in a plane parallel to a substrate over which the display element is manufactured. A first anchor can be coupled to the substrate and positioned adjacent to a proximal end of the light modulator. A first drive beam electrode can be coupled to a second anchor. A first load beam electrode can be coupled at a first end to the first anchor and coupled at a second end to a first edge of the light modulator at a point closer to a distal end of the light modulator than to the proximal end of the light modulator.

This disclosure provides systems, methods, and apparatus for display elements configured for rotational movement. A display element can include a light modulator and a first electrostatic actuator configured to induce rotational movement of the light modulator in a plane parallel to a substrate over which the display element is manufactured. A first anchor can be coupled to the substrate and positioned adjacent to a proximal end of the light modulator. A first drive beam electrode can be coupled to a second anchor. A first load beam electrode can be coupled at a first end to the first anchor and coupled at a second end to a first edge of the light modulator at a point closer to a distal end of the light modulator than to the proximal end of the light modulator.