A head-up display is configured to project an image on a transparent reflection member to cause an observer to visually recognize a virtual image, and includes a display device configured to display the image, and a projection optical system configured to project the image displayed by the display device as the virtual image for the observer. The projection optical system is configured to form an image as an intermediate image, and includes a first lens configured to condense light, and a first optical element configured to diffuse light. The first lens and the first optical element are disposed in this order along an optical path from the display device. The first lens is inclined with respect to a reference beam which is defined as a beam reaching a center of a viewpoint region of the observer and corresponding to a center of the virtual image.

Systems, methods, and non-transitory computer readable media for controlling perspective in an extended reality environment are disclosed. In one embodiment, a non-transitory computer readable medium contains instructions to cause a processor to perform the steps of: outputting for presentation via a wearable extended reality appliance (WER-appliance), first display signals reflective of a first perspective of a scene; receiving first input signals caused by a first multi-finger interaction with the touch sensor; in response, outputting for presentation via the WER-appliance second display signals to modify the first perspective of the scene, causing a second perspective of the scene to be presented via the WER-appliance; receiving second input signals caused by a second multi-finger interaction with the touch sensor; and in response, outputting for presentation via the WER-appliance third display signals to modify the second perspective of the scene, causing a third perspective of the scene to be presented via the WER-appliance.

A HUD system including a light source projecting p-polarized light towards a glazing, the glazing includes an outer sheet of glass having a first surface and a second surface, and an inner sheet of glass having a first surface and a second surface, and the second surface of the inner sheet of glass has a first coating, where both sheets are bonded by at least one sheet of interlayer material, and the first coating includes at least one high refractive index layer having a thickness from 50 to 100 nm, and at least one low refractive index layer having a thickness from 70 to 160 nm, and the least one high refractive index layer has at least one of an oxide of Zr, Nb, Sn; a mixed oxide of Ti, Zr, Nb, Si, Sb, Sn, Zn, In; a nitride of Si, Zr; or a mixed nitride of Si, Zr.

A head up display apparatus for a vehicle includes an imaging unit that generates a projection light beam with display content and includes a transmissive display indication layer with selectively controllable display elements distributed over an area, a matrix backlight that provides backlighting therefor and includes selectively controllable light sources distributed along the transmissive display indication layer, and a collimation array with collimators arranged between a light source and the transmissive display indication layer, and a projection panel in the beam path of the projection light beam generated by the imaging unit for reflecting the projection light beam to a user, the projection panel being arranged in the beam path such that a virtual display image is generated therebehind in the visual field of the user.

A display region has a curved surface shape having upper and lower end portions disposed at positions closer to a visual field than a reference plane, and a central portion disposed at a position farther from the visual field than the reference plane. A first convergence angle difference between a convergence angle from the eye position to the upper end portion and a convergence angle from the eye position to a first point on the reference plane through the upper end portion, a second convergence angle difference between a convergence angle to the central portion and a convergence angle to a second point on the reference plane through the central portion, and a third convergence angle difference between a convergence angle to the lower end portion and a convergence angle to a third point on the reference plane through the lower end portion respectively fall within four milliradians.

A waveguide combiner includes an in-coupling area, a waveguide body, an out-coupling area and at least one film layer. The in-coupling area is configured to introduce a light beam. The waveguide body is configured to guide the light beam introduced by the in-coupling area. The out-coupling area is configured to output the light beam guided by the waveguide body. Said at least one film layer is embedded in at least one portion of the in-coupling area, the waveguide body and the out-coupling area. Said at least one film layer is configured to divide said at least one portion of the in-coupling area, the waveguide body and the out-coupling area into a plurality of layers, and the light beam is reflected by said at least one film layer or penetrates said at least one film layer between different layers of the plurality of layers.

The head-up display apparatus includes a display-light emitting unit having a second inclination angle around the axis parallel to the vertical direction so that the first direction side thereof is closer to the user than the second direction side thereof is, and being configured to emit display light forming a rectangular image corresponding to the rectangular virtual image. The head-up display apparatus includes a reflecting mirror having a third inclination angle around the axis parallel to the vertical direction so that the first direction side thereof is closer to the user than the second direction side thereof is, and being configured to reflect the display light and emit reflected light to the virtual-image display unit.

A mirror device includes: a mirror having a rotation shaft and a reflecting surface that reflects display light; a support portion having a cylindrical shape, having a base end fixed and a tip end being a free end, and configured to rotatably support the rotation shaft; and a motor that pivots the mirror, in which the rotation shaft is inserted into the support portion while spreading the support portion outward in a radial direction, and is slidably supported by the support portion.

A head-up display apparatus is disclosed. The head-up display apparatus according to one embodiment of the present invention comprises: a display panel; a stereoscopic image filter; and a mirror. The display panel includes a first region in which a first image is displayed and a second region in which a second image is displayed, and the stereoscopic image filter is configured to convert the first image into a stereoscopic image. In an embodiment of the present invention, the first image displayed on the display panel is warped and displayed, thereby preventing distortion of the stereoscopic image when projected on a windshield.

In the case in which a loss of the viewpoint position of a driver occurs when a viewpoint position follow-up warping control is executed to update warping parameters according to the viewpoint position of the driver, and then the viewpoint position is re-detected, it is suppressed that the appearance of an image instantaneously changes in accordance with the update of the warping parameters and the driver is caused to feel uneasy. When the viewpoint loss in which at least one position of the right and left viewpoints becomes unclear is detected, a control unit, which executes the viewpoint position follow-up warping control, maintains, in a viewpoint loss period, the warping parameters set immediately before the viewpoint loss period, and, when the viewpoint position is re-detected after the viewpoint loss period, invalidates at least one warping process using the warping parameters corresponding to the re-detected viewpoint position.