An augmented reality device, including a combiner, a laser projector, and a filter, where the laser projector is configured to emit a laser beam, the filter is mounted on the outer surface of the combiner, and a blocking band of the filter blocks a band of the laser beam. The combiner is configured to emit a part of the laser beam from the inner surface of the combiner, to emit a part of the laser beam from the outer surface of the combiner. The filter is configured to block the part of the laser beam emitted from the outer surface of the combiner, and the combiner is further configured to emit, from the inner surface of the combiner, after a part of ambient light whose wavelength is outside the blocking band passes through the filter, a part of the ambient light that enters the combiner.

A machine vision task, machine learning task, and/or classification of objects is performed using a diffractive optical neural network device. Light from objects passes through or reflects off the diffractive optical neural network device formed by multiple substrate layers. The diffractive optical neural network device defines a trained function between an input optical signal from the object light illuminated at a plurality or a continuum of wavelengths and an output optical signal corresponding to one or more unique wavelengths or sets of wavelengths assigned to represent distinct data classes or object types/classes created by optical diffraction and/or reflection through/off the substrate layers. Output light is captured with detector(s) that generate a signal or data that comprise the one or more unique wavelengths or sets of wavelengths assigned to represent distinct data classes or object types or object classes which are used to perform the task or classification.

Disclosed is a method and associated apparatus for measuring a characteristic of interest relating to a structure on a substrate. The method comprises calculating a value for the characteristic of interest directly from the effect of the characteristic of interest on at least the phase of illuminating radiation when scattered by the structure, subsequent to illuminating said structure with said illuminating radiation.

There is provided a diffractive display element comprising a waveguide body, an in-coupling region for diffractively coupling light into the waveguide body, and an out-coupling region for diffractively coupling light out of the waveguide body, said light being adapted to propagate from said in-coupling region to the out-coupling region along a primary route. According to the invention, the element further comprises at least one grating mirror outside said primary route for diffractively mirroring light strayed from said primary route back to said primary route. The invention allows for increasing the efficiency of waveguide-based personal displays.

A laminate, includes: a first layer, a first material of the first layer having a first refractive index, the first layer including a first surface; a first microstructure layer including a first microstructure pattern formed on a first surface of the microstructure layer, a first microstructure material of the first microstructure layer having a first microstructure material refractive index, the first microstructure pattern having first repeating structures with a first predetermined periodicity, the microstructure layer being disposed on the first surface of the first layer; a second layer, a second material of the second layer having a second refractive index, the second layer being disposed adjacent to the first surface of the first microstructure layer; and a third layer, a third material of the third layer having a third refractive index, the third layer being disposed adjacent to the second layer on a side opposite the microstructure layer.

The optical component includes a first substrate, a first diffractive layer formed on the first substrate, a second substrate, a second diffractive layer formed on the second substrate, and a bonding material disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate and connecting the first substrate and the second substrate. The second diffractive layer is disposed opposite to the first diffractive layer, and both the first diffractive layer and the second diffractive layer are located between the first substrate and the second substrate. A gap is formed between the first diffractive layer and the second diffractive layer.

The invention relates to an image sensor apparatus of a camera for detecting light. The image sensor apparatus comprises at least a first and a second sensor element and a carrier medium, wherein the carrier medium has a first and second input coupling region and a first and second output coupling region, wherein the first input coupling region has a first deflection structure which input couples light at a first given wavelength into the carrier medium in the direction of the first output coupling region, wherein the second input coupling region has a second deflection structure which input couples light at a second given wavelength into the carrier medium in the direction of the second output coupling region, wherein the first output coupling region has a first output coupling deflection structure which output couples the transmitted light from the carrier medium onto the first sensor element and wherein the second output coupling region has a second output coupling deflection structure which output couples the light onto the second sensor element.

To provide a display apparatus that can display an image at a wide angle of view while preventing the display apparatus from being made larger in size. The present technology provides a display apparatus that includes a light-emitting system that emits image light that includes a plurality of pieces of light of different wavelengths; a light guiding system that guides the image light emitted by the light-emitting system; and a light deflecting system that deflects the plurality of pieces of light included in the image light guided by the light guiding system, and causes the plurality of pieces of deflected light to be incident on an eyeball from different directions. The present technology makes it possible to provide a display apparatus that can display an image at a wide angle of view while preventing the display apparatus from being made larger in size.

A transmissive optical element may include a substrate. The transmissive optical element may include a first anti-reflectance structure for a particular wavelength range formed on the substrate. The transmissive optical element may include a second anti-reflectance structure for the particular wavelength range formed on the first anti-reflectance structure. The transmissive optical element may include a third anti-reflectance structure for the particular wavelength range formed on the second anti-reflectance structure. The transmissive optical element may include at least one layer disposed between the first anti-reflectance structure and the second anti-reflectance structure or between the second anti-reflectance structure and the third anti-reflectance structure.

Diffractive optical elements and methods for their fabrication are disclosed. In one aspect, a diffractive optical element is disclosed, which comprises a polymeric substrate substantially transparent to at least one electromagnetic radiation wavelength, and a plurality of metallic inclusions distributed in said polymeric substrate according to a predefined pattern such that said inclusions can collectively diffract at least a portion of incident radiation having said at least one radiation wavelength.