A pupil-replicating lightguide includes a slab of transparent material, a switchable out-coupling grating for out-coupling portions of image light to propagate towards an eyebox, and a switchable tracking grating for redirecting tracking light carrying an eye image towards an eye tracking camera. One of the two gratings may be turned ON while the other is turned OFF, in a time-sequential manner, allowing the combined use of the pupil-replicating lightguide for carrying image light and eye tracking light.

The subject disclosure is directed towards projecting light in a pattern in which the pattern contains components (e.g., spots) having different intensities. The pattern may be based upon a grid of initial points associated with first intensities and points between the initial points with second intensities, and so on. The pattern may be rotated relative to cameras that capture the pattern, with captured images used active depth sensing based upon stereo matching of dots in stereo images.

The subject disclosure is directed towards projecting light in a pattern in which the pattern contains components (e.g., spots) having different intensities. The pattern may be based upon a grid of initial points associated with first intensities and points between the initial points with second intensities, and so on. The pattern may be rotated relative to cameras that capture the pattern, with captured images used active depth sensing based upon stereo matching of dots in stereo images.

Systems and methods for stereo matching based upon active illumination using a patch in a non-actively illuminated image to obtain weights that are used in patch similarity determinations in actively illuminated stereo images is provided. To correlate pixels in actively illuminated stereo images, adaptive support weights computations are used to determine similarity of patches corresponding to the pixels. In order to obtain adaptive support weights for the adaptive support weights computations, weights are obtained by processing a non-actively illuminated (clean) image.

Systems and methods for stereo matching based upon active illumination using a patch in a non-actively illuminated image to obtain weights that are used in patch similarity determinations in actively illuminated stereo images is provided. To correlate pixels in actively illuminated stereo images, adaptive support weights computations are used to determine similarity of patches corresponding to the pixels. In order to obtain adaptive support weights for the adaptive support weights computations, weights are obtained by processing a non-actively illuminated (clean) image.

In various embodiments, laser devices include a thermal bonding layer featuring an array of carbon nanotubes and at least one metallic thermal bonding material.

In various embodiments, laser devices include a thermal bonding layer featuring an array of carbon nanotubes and at least one metallic thermal bonding material.

A diffractive optical element includes: a substrate; a protrusion and recess portion that is formed on one surface of the substrate and imposes predetermined diffraction on incident light; and an antireflection layer provided between the substrate and the protrusion and recess portion. An effective refractive index difference n in a wavelength range of the incident light between a first medium constituting a protrusion of the protrusion and recess portion and a second medium constituting a recess of the protrusion and recess portion is 0.70 or more. An exit angle range .sub.out of diffraction light exiting from the protrusion and recess portion when the incident light enters the substrate from a normal direction of the substrate is 60 or more. Total efficiency of diffraction light exiting from the protrusion and recess portion in the exit angle range is 65% or more.

A diffractive optical element includes: a substrate; a protrusion and recess portion that is formed on one surface of the substrate and imposes predetermined diffraction on incident light; and an antireflection layer provided between the substrate and the protrusion and recess portion. An effective refractive index difference n in a wavelength range of the incident light between a first medium constituting a protrusion of the protrusion and recess portion and a second medium constituting a recess of the protrusion and recess portion is 0.70 or more. An exit angle range .sub.out of diffraction light exiting from the protrusion and recess portion when the incident light enters the substrate from a normal direction of the substrate is 60 or more. Total efficiency of diffraction light exiting from the protrusion and recess portion in the exit angle range is 65% or more.

A waveguide display includes a substrate transparent to visible light, a coupler configured to couple display light into the substrate as guided wave in the substrate, and a first VBG and a second VBG coupled to the substrate. The coupler includes a diffractive coupler, a refractive coupler, or a reflective coupler. The first VBG is configured to diffract, at a first region of the first VBG, the display light in the substrate to a first direction, and diffract, at two or more regions of the first VBG along the first direction, the display light from the first region to a second direction towards the second VBG. The second VBG is configured to couple the display light from each of the two or more regions of the first VBG out of the substrate at two or more regions of the second VBG along the second direction.