In various embodiments, a wavelength beam combining laser system includes a fast-axis collimation lens that is rotated with respect to a plurality of emitters in order to converge the emitted beams onto a dispersive element and/or reduce the size of the multi-wavelength output beam of the system.

A virtual reality headset includes a peripheral display including light emitting pixels, an eyebox delimiting a location of a pupil in a user’s eye, and an optical assembly. The optical assembly includes an angularly selective element configured to transmit, without reflecting, an input light impinging at a selected angle, through a first curved optical element, and a second curved optical element in optical series with the first curved optical element and configured to reflect the input light back to the first curved optical element, the first curved optical element reflecting the input light in a radial direction, for transmission through the second curved optical element.

A structured light system may include a semiconductor laser to emit light and a diffractive optical element to diffract the light such that one or more diffracted orders of the light, associated with forming a structured light pattern, are transmitted by the diffractive optical element. The diffractive optical element may be arranged such that the light is to be incident on the diffractive optical element at a substantially non-normal angle of incidence. The substantially non-normal angle of incidence may be designed to cause the diffractive optical element to transmit a zero-order beam of the light outside of a field of view associated with the diffractive optical element.

A three-dimensional display apparatus providing a plurality of view points at a view zone includes a directional display structure including a plurality of first sub-pixels configured to display a plurality of first sub-images, and a plurality of second sub-pixels configured to display a plurality of second sub-images; a plurality of grating structures including a plurality of first grating structures configured to perform diffraction of light such that the first sub-images are directionally transmitted, and a plurality of second grating structures configured to perform diffraction of light such that the second sub-images are directionally transmitted; a reflector between the directional display structure and the view zone reflecting the first sub-images being directionally transmitted to a first view point and the second sub-images being directionally transmitted to a second view point, thereby displaying a three-dimensional image. The first and second view points can be different but within a same view zone.

A three-dimensional display apparatus providing a plurality of view points at a view zone includes a directional display structure including a plurality of first sub-pixels configured to display a plurality of first sub-images, and a plurality of second sub-pixels configured to display a plurality of second sub-images; a plurality of grating structures including a plurality of first grating structures configured to perform diffraction of light such that the first sub-images are directionally transmitted, and a plurality of second grating structures configured to perform diffraction of light such that the second sub-images are directionally transmitted; a reflector between the directional display structure and the view zone reflecting the first sub-images being directionally transmitted to a first view point and the second sub-images being directionally transmitted to a second view point, thereby displaying a three-dimensional image. The first and second view points can be different but within a same view zone.

An optical element, e.g. based on a diffractive Fresnel lens, having suppressed or reduced chromatic aberration under non-monochromatic light and/or enhanced directional homogenisation in its angular irradiation characteristics, comprises a plurality of optical zones (10, 20), wherein each zone comprises at least one homogenising noise-introducing feature. In embodiments the at least one homogenising noise-introducing feature comprises one or more zonal displacement features, e.g. ripples (20′, 20″) and/or one or more zonal modulation features, e.g. one or more patterning features (30).

A method of conical anisotropic rigorous coupled wave analysis for grating and a computing device are disclosed. The method comprises: obtaining a target geometric phase δ′.sub.g for the anisotropic-material-based grating; obtaining a slow axis azimuth angle ϕ.sub.c(x) of the anisotropic-material-based grating according to the target geometric phase δ′.sub.g; obtaining a permittivity tensor of the anisotropic-material-based grating, wherein the anisotropic-material-based grating has an ordinary index n.sub.o and an extraordinary index n.sub.e, the anisotropic-material-based grating has a slow axis polar angle θ.sub.c and slow axis azimuth angle ϕ.sub.c(x), and the permittivity tensor is based on n.sub.o, n.sub.e, θ.sub.c and ϕ.sub.c(x); applying the permittivity tensor into Maxwell equations; obtaining electromagnetic field for the anisotropic-material-based grating by using boundary conditions of at least two layers or sublayers of the anisotropic-material-based grating and Maxwell equations for each layer or sublayer, to obtain a diffraction efficiency for the anisotropic-material-based grating.

A method of conical anisotropic rigorous coupled wave analysis for grating and a computing device are disclosed. The method comprises: obtaining a target geometric phase δ′.sub.g for the anisotropic-material-based grating; obtaining a slow axis azimuth angle ϕ.sub.c(x) of the anisotropic-material-based grating according to the target geometric phase δ′.sub.g; obtaining a permittivity tensor of the anisotropic-material-based grating, wherein the anisotropic-material-based grating has an ordinary index n.sub.o and an extraordinary index n.sub.e, the anisotropic-material-based grating has a slow axis polar angle θ.sub.c and slow axis azimuth angle ϕ.sub.c(x), and the permittivity tensor is based on n.sub.o, n.sub.e, θ.sub.c and ϕ.sub.c(x); applying the permittivity tensor into Maxwell equations; obtaining electromagnetic field for the anisotropic-material-based grating by using boundary conditions of at least two layers or sublayers of the anisotropic-material-based grating and Maxwell equations for each layer or sublayer, to obtain a diffraction efficiency for the anisotropic-material-based grating.

Provided are a display panel and a display device. The display panel includes at least one light-transmitting region block. Each light-transmitting region block includes R*S light-transmitting regions arranged in R rows and S columns, R is an integer greater than or equal to 2, and S is an integer greater than or equal to 2. In each light-transmitting region block, S light-transmitting regions located in the same row are S types of different light-transmitting regions, and R light-transmitting regions located in the same column are R types of different light-transmitting regions. In the light-transmitting region block, adjacent light-transmitting regions are different types of light-transmitting regions. Thus, a fixed grating will not be formed from the adjacent light-transmitting regions so that the optical paths or phase differences are different when external light passes through two different light-transmitting regions.

Provided are a display panel and a display device. The display panel includes at least one light-transmitting region block. Each light-transmitting region block includes R*S light-transmitting regions arranged in R rows and S columns, R is an integer greater than or equal to 2, and S is an integer greater than or equal to 2. In each light-transmitting region block, S light-transmitting regions located in the same row are S types of different light-transmitting regions, and R light-transmitting regions located in the same column are R types of different light-transmitting regions. In the light-transmitting region block, adjacent light-transmitting regions are different types of light-transmitting regions. Thus, a fixed grating will not be formed from the adjacent light-transmitting regions so that the optical paths or phase differences are different when external light passes through two different light-transmitting regions.