The present invention provides a film comprising: a substrate; and a first coating layer on the substrate, wherein the film has, from a reflectance graph obtained by measuring the reflectance in a 380 nm to 780 nm wavelength region, a reflectance oscillation ratio (O.sub.r) of 1.0 or less and a reflectance graph slope (G.sub.r) of 0.122 or less, and has improved interference fringes.

Provided is a compound that is fluidized by light irradiation and reversibly non-fluidized, and is not significantly colored. Provided is a photoresponsive compound represented by the following general formula (1), the photoresponsive compound being fluidized by light irradiation and reversibly non-fluidized:
R.sub.1—Z.sub.1═Z.sub.2—R.sub.2  General formula (1) wherein Z.sub.1 and Z.sub.2 are N or CH, while Z.sub.1≠Z.sub.2, R.sub.1 contains an aromatic hydrocarbon structure, R.sub.2 contains an aromatic heterocyclic structure, and a hydrogen atom is bonded to at least one carbon atom bonded adjacent to a carbon atom in the aromatic heterocyclic structure bonded to the Z.sub.2.

An optical axis tunable liquid crystal lens includes a liquid crystal layer; and a control electrode configured to adjust an optical axis of the optical axis tunable liquid crystal lens. The control electrode includes a first electrode configured to be provided with a common voltage signal and a second electrode configured to be provided with a control voltage signal. The first electrode is on a side of the liquid crystal layer away from the second electrode. The second electrode includes a first sub-electrode and a second sub-electrode spaced apart from each other and being on two opposite sides with respect to a center of the second electrode, the first sub-electrode and the second sub-electrode being independently addressable, the first sub-electrode configured to be provided with a first voltage signal and the second sub-electrode configured to be provided with a second voltage signal.

A display device, a display panel, and an array substrate are provided. The array substrate includes an active layer and a light-blocking and heat-insulating layer. The light-blocking and heat-insulating layer is arranged on a side of the active layer and configured to block light and insulate heat for the active layer. The light-blocking and heat-insulating layer includes light-absorbing materials and light-reflecting materials. One of the light-absorbing materials and the light-reflecting materials form a light-blocking body. The other one of the light-absorbing materials and the light-reflecting materials are dispersed in the light-blocking body.

A wavelength selective absorption filter contains a resin, a coloring agent, and a compound having at least one polar group of a carboxylic acid ester bond, a carboxylic acid amide bond, a sulfonic acid amide bond, a urethane bond, or a sulfonyl bond and a MW≤1,000 where dye includes at least one of dye A having a main absorption wavelength range at a wavelength of 390 to 440 nm and dye D having a main absorption wavelength range at a wavelength of 680 to 780 nm, a 20% value wavelength A with respect to an absorbance maximal value exhibited by a main absorption wavelength is 455 nm or less where dye A is contained, and a 20% value wavelength D with respect to the absorbance maximal value exhibited by the main absorption wavelength is 640 nm or more where dye D is contained, and a display device.

An electronic device may have a housing with a display. A protective display cover layer for the display may have an image transport layer formed from fibers or Anderson localization material. The image transport layer may include light absorbing material. Light absorbing material may be incorporated as an additive into a component of the image transport layer such as the binder layer of a coherent fiber bundle or the cladding of fibers in the image transport layer. The image transport layer may also be formed from fibers with a light absorbing layer formed in addition to a transparent cladding. The image transport layer may be formed from Anderson localization material that has light absorbing material. Fibers for the image transport layer may be extruded with light absorbing portions. A polymer preform having light absorbing material may be drawn to form fibers for the image transport layer.

An electrochemical device includes an electrolyte layer containing an electrodepositable material including Ag and a mediating material including any of Ta, Mo, and Nb, a pair of substrates to hold the electrolyte layer therebetween, and a pair of electrodes that are disposed on the mutually opposed surfaces of the respective substrates and are insoluble in the electrolyte layer.

Described herein is a system for directing light over two dimensions. In a first embodiment, an optical beam director includes a wavelength router, such as an optical interleaver, optically coupled to an array of dispersive elements, such as free-space diffractive couplers. In a second embodiment, an optical beam director includes a diffractive element optically coupled to a 1D-to-2D spatial interleaver.

An optical component includes a substrate and a plurality of structures formed on a first major surface of the substrate and extending from the first major surface along a thickness direction of the optical component. The optical component can be assembled with another optical component to form a light control film. A light control film includes first and second optical components including respective pluralities of first and second structures formed on, and extending from, respective first and second substrates. The first and second optical components are assembled so that the first and second structures are disposed between the first and second substrates and interleaved to form a plurality of pairs of adjacent first and second structures. For each of at least some of the pairs, the adjacent first and second structures define an optical cavity therebetween substantially filled with a light absorbing material.

Provided is an optical film and an electroluminescence display device that suppress a decrease in transmittance of a front surface and suppress a change in tint in an oblique direction with respect to the front surface, in a case of being used in a micro LED. The optical film includes a light absorption anisotropic layer containing a dichroic coloring agent compound, in which the light absorption anisotropic layer has an absorption axis in a normal direction of the film and has an alignment degree of 0.7 or greater at 530 nm, and in a case where transmittances at 460 nm, 530 nm, and 630 nm in a direction of 45° with respect to the normal direction of the film are respectively defined as Tb, Tg, and Tr, relationships of Expressions 0.1≤Tb/Tr≤0.5 (1) and 0.2≤Tg/Tr≤0.6 (2) are satisfied.