A method for producing an optical element having a main body with a first side surface, which has a first optical coating, and at least one second side surface, which is not plane-parallel to the first side surface and has a second optical coating, is proposed. The method includes the steps of: determining the stress induced in the optical element by the first optical coating of the first side surface; determining a counter-stress, so that the resultant overall stress induced in the optical element is as small as possible; determining the second optical coating while taking into account the determined counter-stress and the optical parameters of the second optical coating; applying the first optical coating on the first side surface; and, applying the second optical coating on the at least one second side surface.

A laser beam phase-modulation device, a laser beam steering device, and a laser beam steering system including the same are provided. The laser beam phase-modulation device includes a refractive index conversion layer having a refractive index that is changed according to an electrical signal applied thereto, the refractive index conversion layer including an upper surface on which the laser beam is incident and a lower surface opposite the upper surface, at least one antenna pattern embedded in the upper surface of the refractive index conversion layer, and a metal mirror layer provided under the lower surface of the refractive index conversion layer and configured to reflect the laser beam.

An acousto-optic system may include a laser source, and an AOM coupled to the laser source and having an acousto-optic medium and transducer electrodes carried by the medium. The acousto-optic system may also include an interface board with a dielectric layer and signal contacts carried by the dielectric layer, and connections coupling respective signal contacts with respective transducer electrodes. Each connection may include a dielectric protrusion extending from the AOM, and an electrically conductive layer on the dielectric protrusion for coupling a respective transducer electrode to a respective signal contact.

The present specification relates to a compound represented by Chemical Formula 1, a composition for forming an optical film and an optical film including the same, and a display device including the optical film.

The invention is notably directed to a transflective display device. The device comprises a set of pixels, wherein each of the pixels comprises a portion of bi-stable, phase change material, hereafter a PCM portion, having at least two reversibly switchable states, in which it has two different values of refractive index and/or optical absorption. The device further comprises one or more spacers, optically transmissive, and extending under PCM portions of the set of pixels. One or more reflectors extend under the one or more spacers. An energization structure is in thermal or electrical communication with the PCM portions, via the one or more spacers. Moreover, a display controller is configured to selectively energize, via the energization structure, PCM portions of the pixels, so as to reversibly switch a state of a PCM portion of any of the pixels from one of its reversibly switchable states to the other. A backlight unit is furthermore configured, in the device, to allow illumination of the PCM portions through the one or more spacers. The backlight unit is controlled by a backlight unit controller, which is configured for modulating one or more physical properties of light emitted from the backlight unit. The invention is further directed to related devices and methods of operation.

Structures including an edge coupler and methods of fabricating a structure including an edge coupler. The edge coupler includes a waveguide core having an end surface that terminates proximate to an edge of a substrate. The waveguide core contains a material having a first state with a first refractive index in response to an applied stimulus and a second state with a second refractive index different from the first refractive index.

There is provided an optical modulator capable of electrically controlling intensity of transmitted light in a desired wavelength range at a high speed and reducing the size of a device containing the optical modulator. The optical modulator includes a first electrode; a second electrode; and a dielectric layer provided between the first and second electrodes. At least one of the first electrode and the second electrode comprises at least one layer of graphene. There are also provided an imaging device and a display apparatus each containing the optical modulator.

Manufacturing an optical device includes providing a substrate (102) having a polymeric layer (104) on a surface of the substrate, forming openings in the polymeric layer, and depositing a material in the openings to form meta-atoms (114, 214) of a first metastructure. Adjacent ones of the meta-atoms are separated from one another by polymeric material of the polymeric layer. Optical devices that include one or more metastructures in which meta-atoms are separated from one another by polymeric material are described, as are modules that incorporate the optical devices.

An optical module includes: a housing having a first face and a second face parallel to the first face; a first block fixed to the first face of the housing by a first adhesive; an integrated circuit (IC) fixed to the first block by a second adhesive having a thickness larger than a thickness of the first adhesive; a thermoelectric cooler (TEC) fixed to the second face of the housing; an optical circuit element fixed to the TEC; and an interconnection board mounted on the IC and the optical circuit element, the interconnection board being configured to electrically couple the IC to the optical circuit element. The first block is sandwiched between the housing and the IC. The TEC is sandwiched between the housing and the optical circuit element.

According to one embodiment, an optical module includes: a lid having a first face and a second face, the lid including a bump, a wiring, and a through via; an optical circuit element; a first integrated circuit (IC); a first block bonded to the first IC by a first adhesive; a temperature control element bonded to the optical circuit element; and a housing having an opening and a third face provided inside the opening, the housing being configured to house the first IC, the optical circuit element, the first block, and the temperature control element, the third face being bonded to the first block and the temperature control element by a second adhesive, the housing being hermetically sealed with the lid.