A wavelength multiplexing device is disclosed. When light is irradiated on a first longitudinal end region of a metal nano-structure, surface plasmon polaritons are generated in the first longitudinal end region. The surface plasmon polaritons and the light are coupled with each other to form first coupled surface plasmon polaritons, wherein the first coupled surface plasmon polaritons propagate along and on a surface of the metal nano-structure. When the first coupled surface plasmon polaritons reach a two-dimensional material layer, excitons are induced in the two-dimensional material layer, wherein the induced excitons and the first coupled surface plasmon polaritons are coupled with each other to form second coupled surface plasmon polaritons. The second coupled surface plasmon polaritons propagate along and on a surface of the metal nano-structure toward a second longitudinal end thereof.

A light modulator for amplifying an intensity of incident light and modulating a phase of the incident light is provided. The light modulator includes: a first distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) layer having a first reflectivity and comprising at least two first refractive index layers that have different refractive indices from each other and are repeatedly alternately stacked; a second DBR layer having a second reflectivity and comprising at least two second refractive index layers that have different refractive indices from each other and are repeatedly alternately stacked; and an active layer disposed between the first DBR layer and the second DBR layer, and comprising a quantum well structure.

Transducers and methods of making the same include a substrate having a cavity with a diameter that supports whispering gallery modes at a frequency of an input signal. A focusing structure in the cavity focuses the electric field of the input signal. A resonator directly under the focusing structure has a crystalline structure that generates an electro-optic effect when exposed to electrical fields. An electric field of the input signal modulates an output signal in the resonator via the electro-optic effect.

Disclosed are a backlight assembly and a display apparatus comprising the backlight assembly. The backlight assembly comprising: a film member; and a support frame holding the film member; the support frame comprising at least one support plate; the support plate is provided with a stepped notch including a first notch and a second notch extending from the first notch and open to an edge of the support plate and having a width smaller than the first notch; the film member is provided with a protrusion for engaging with the stepped notch, the protrusion including a first part projecting from the film member and a second part extending from the first part and having a width larger than the first part; wherein the width of the second part of the protrusion is larger than that of the first notch of the stepped notch, and the width of the second notch of the stepped notch is smaller than that of the first part of the protrusion, such that when the protrusion is engaged with the stepped notch, the first part of the protrusion engages the first notch of the stepped notch, with the second part of the protrusion positioned outside the support plate for restraining the film member in an extending direction of the film member; and the second notch of the stepped notch is positioned over the first part of the protrusion for restraining the film member in a height direction of the support plate. The backlight assembly with the above structure can prevent the film member from dropping off the support plate.

A system and method are provided for forming body structures including energy filters/shutter components, including energy/light directing/scattering layers that are actively electrically switchable. The filters or components are operable between at least a first mode in which the layers, and thus the presentation of the shutter components, appear substantially transparent when viewed from an energy/light incident side, and a second mode in which the layers, and thus the presentation of the energy filters or shutter components, appear opaque to the incident energy impinging on the energy incident side. The differing modes are selectable by electrically energizing, differentially energizing and/or de-energizing electric fields in a vicinity of the energy scattering layers, including electric fields generated between a pair of transparent electrodes sandwiching an energy scattering layer. Refractive indices of transparent particles, and the transparent matrices in which the particles are fixed, are tunable according to the applied electric fields.

The present invention includes a holding stay made of a heat conductive material that is the same as that of an isolator holder, the holding stay being in contact with a radiation stay made of a member having good thermal conductivity, the radiation stay being in contact with radiation fins extracted from the inside of the isolator holder through an external opening for extraction, columnar welded portions bond the holding stay and the isolator holder through openings for welding, the welded portions apply tensile force toward the isolator holder to the radiation stay via the holding stay, and the radiation stay presses the radiation fins by means of the above-described tensile force to be fixed to the isolator holder.

Described herein is a polymorphic display, which is a unitary apparatus constructed such that a wide variety of electro-optic functions are enabled. The polymorphic display, even when having multiple pixels, enables sharing of selected structures among the pixels. In a multi-pixel construction, there is a set of pixels in the display that exhibit one set of operable properties, such as particular stability, sequencing, and switching properties, and another set of pixels that are different from the first set. That is, they have different stability, sequencing, or switching properties. In such a way, a highly flexible polymorphic display may be construed to satisfy a wide range of display needs.

A color filter substrate, a display panel and a display device arc provided. The color filter substrate includes a base substrate, the base substrate being divided into a plurality of pixel units, each pixel unit including a plurality of sub-pixel units, a color filter being arranged in each sub-pixel unit. At least one color filter of the plurality of sub-pixel units in each of the pixel units is made of an electrochromic material

An optical module includes: first and second optical elements; third and fourth optical elements; a first polarization control element and a first reflective light modulator that are sequentially arranged in one of a positive direction of a first vector and a negative direction of a second vector from the second optical element; a second polarization control element and a second reflective light modulator that are sequentially arranged in one of a negative direction of the first vector and a positive direction of the second vector from the third optical element; and a sliding mechanism that relatively moves the first and second optical elements and the third and fourth optical elements in the direction of the first vector relative.

A wavelength multiplexing device is disclosed. When light is irradiated on a first longitudinal end region of a metal nano-structure, surface plasmon polaritons are generated in the first longitudinal end region. The surface plasmon polaritons and the light are coupled with each other to form first coupled surface plasmon polaritons, wherein the first coupled surface plasmon polaritons propagate along and on a surface of the metal nano-structure. When the first coupled surface plasmon polaritons reach a two-dimensional material layer, excitions are induced in the two-dimensional material layer, wherein the induced excitions and the first coupled surface plasmon polaritons are coupled with each other to form second coupled surface plasmon polaritons. The second coupled surface plasmon polaritons propagate along and on a surface of the metal nano-structure toward a second longitudinal end thereof.