An atomic interferometer includes: an optical system including an optical modulating device that includes: an optical fiber for a first laser beam to propagate therein; and a frequency shifter connected to the optical fiber and configured to shift the frequency of the first laser beam, the optical system being configured to generate a moving standing light wave from counter-propagation of the first laser beam from the optical modulating device and a second laser beam; and an interference system for making an atomic beam interact with three or more moving standing light waves including the moving standing light wave.

Aspects of the present disclosure may include a method and/or a system for identifying an ion chain having a plurality of trapped ions, selecting at least two non-consecutive trapped ions in the ion chain for implementing a qubit, applying at least a first Raman beam to shuttle at least one neighbor ion of the at least two non-consecutive trapped ions from a ground state to a metastable state, and applying at least a second Raman beam to one or more of the at least two non-consecutive trapped ions, after shuttling the at least one neighbor ion to the metastable state, to transition from a first manifold to a second manifold.

Acoustically mediated pulsed radiation sources, phased arrays incorporating the radiation sources, and methods of using the radiation sources and phased arrays to generate electromagnetic radiation via magnetic dipole emission are provided. The radiation sources are based on a superlattice heterostructure that supports in-phase magnetic dipole emission from a series of magnetic insulator layers disposed along the length of the heterostructure.

Acoustically mediated pulsed radiation sources, phased arrays incorporating the radiation sources, and methods of using the radiation sources and phased arrays to generate electromagnetic radiation via magnetic dipole emission are provided. The radiation sources are based on a superlattice heterostructure that supports in-phase magnetic dipole emission from a series of magnetic insulator layers disposed along the length of the heterostructure.

A laser system for creating patterns on clothing includes a laser source; a phased array acousto-optic deflector (AOD) configured to control the direction and intensity of the laser beam; a computer comprising software for reading input files containing pattern designs and controlling the AOD to direct the laser beam according to the pattern designs; a fabric preparation station for washing and preparing fabric before laser treatment; a post-laser wash station for removing debris from the fabric after laser treatment; and a clothing finishing station for applying finishing touches to the fabric. The AOD includes an optical element having a surface with one or more steps formed thereon; a conductive layer formed on the surface with the steps; one or more crystals secured to each step; and electrodes positioned on each surface of each crystal.

We provide plasmonic structures having optical responses that are sensitive to mechanical input(s). Such plasmon resonances can be made sufficiently sensitive to deformation to enable this approach. These structures can be used in active devices, such as an optical metasurface controlled by one or more acoustic inputs, or in passive devices such as an acoustic sensor or mechanical force sensor.

We provide plasmonic structures having optical responses that are sensitive to mechanical input(s). Such plasmon resonances can be made sufficiently sensitive to deformation to enable this approach. These structures can be used in active devices, such as an optical metasurface controlled by one or more acoustic inputs, or in passive devices such as an acoustic sensor or mechanical force sensor.

A pulsed optical beacon source is formed of a fiber-based amplifier including a preamplifer stage (responsive to a CW seed laser source) and a booster stage coupled to the output of the preamplifier stage. The pump input to at least one stage is pulsed and controlled in a manner that allows for the formation of a pulsed beacon output that is able to perform the PAT requirements of a beacon source, while also allowing for a low bit rate (e.g., a few Hz to a few kHz) upstream data signal to be sent between the beacon source and a target's optical receiver.

A pulsed optical beacon source is formed of a fiber-based amplifier including a preamplifer stage (responsive to a CW seed laser source) and a booster stage coupled to the output of the preamplifier stage. The pump input to at least one stage is pulsed and controlled in a manner that allows for the formation of a pulsed beacon output that is able to perform the PAT requirements of a beacon source, while also allowing for a low bit rate (e.g., a few Hz to a few kHz) upstream data signal to be sent between the beacon source and a target's optical receiver.

An object is to provide an optical element in which a wavelength dependence of refraction of transmitted light is small, and a light guide element including the optical element. The optical element includes: plurality of optically-anisotropic layers that are formed using a composition including a liquid crystal compound and have a liquid crystal alignment pattern in which a direction of an optical axis derived from the liquid crystal compound continuously rotates in one in-plane direction; and a wavelength selective phase difference layer that is disposed between two optically-anisotropic layers and converts circularly polarized light in a specific wavelength range into circularly polarized light having an opposite turning direction, in which, in a case where, in the liquid crystal alignment pattern, a length over which the direction of the optical axis rotates by 180° in the in-plane direction in which the direction of the optical axis changes is set as a single period, a length of the single period in at least one optically-anisotropic layer is different from that of another optically-anisotropic layer.