An optical device comprising a stack of the following layers: a capping layer; a layer of light absorber material; and a reflective layer, wherein the refractive index of the capping layer is at least 1.6.

A visibility controlling device with switchable transparency. This design of visibility controlling device is economical and can be operated manually or under electric power. The time for switching from translucent to transparent state requires about 5-30 seconds.

Provided are a display panel, a display apparatus, a driving method of the display panel, and a computer readable storage medium. The display panel includes: a first substrate and a second substrate being arranged in box alignment, point light sources in an array arrangement being arranged on a side of the first substrate away from the second substrate, optical coupling devices corresponding to the point light sources one by one being arranged on a side of the first substrate close to the second substrate, a grating layer being arranged on a side of the optical coupling devices away from the first substrate, a liquid crystal layer being arranged between the first substrate and the second substrate; and the optical coupling devices being arranged to reflect lights emitted by the corresponding point light sources, penetrating the first substrate, and reaching the optical coupling devices, into the first substrate.

A light detection and ranging (LIDAR) system may include a laser and a plurality of single photon avalanche diodes (SPADs) that are triggered by laser light that reflects off a target scene. The LIDAR system may have an optical delay line from which laser light is emitted. It may be desirable to have a tunable optical delay line that has an adjustable delay time. In particular, the tunable optical delay line may include a core layer through which the laser light propagates between cladding layers. One or more of the cladding layers may be formed from electro-optical material that has an adjustable index of refraction when voltage is applied. Due to the adjusted index of refraction, a path length of the light within the delay line may be changed, thereby changing the delay time.

A light detection and ranging (LIDAR) system may include a laser and a plurality of single photon avalanche diodes (SPADs) that are triggered by laser light that reflects off a target scene. The LIDAR system may have an optical delay line from which laser light is emitted. It may be desirable to have a tunable optical delay line that has an adjustable delay time. In particular, the tunable optical delay line may include a core layer through which the laser light propagates between cladding layers. One or more of the cladding layers may be formed from electro-optical material that has an adjustable index of refraction when voltage is applied. Due to the adjusted index of refraction, a path length of the light within the delay line may be changed, thereby changing the delay time.

An optoelectronic module comprising at least one semiconductor laser and a photonic chip is described herein. The semiconductor laser emits a primary electromagnetic radiation which is coupled into the photonic chip. The photonic chip comprises at least one first waveguide and at least one optical Bragg reflector having a reflectivity which is modulated by an electrical modulation signal. A secondary electromagnetic radiation is coupled out of the photonic chip by means of at least one second waveguide, wherein the secondary electromagnetic radiation has a dominant wavelength which is modulated in dependence of the electrical modulation signal. Further, a method for operating an optoelectronic module and a Head-Mounted Display comprising an optoelectronic module are provided.

An optoelectronic module comprising at least one semiconductor laser and a photonic chip is described herein. The semiconductor laser emits a primary electromagnetic radiation which is coupled into the photonic chip. The photonic chip comprises at least one first waveguide and at least one optical Bragg reflector having a reflectivity which is modulated by an electrical modulation signal. A secondary electromagnetic radiation is coupled out of the photonic chip by means of at least one second waveguide, wherein the secondary electromagnetic radiation has a dominant wavelength which is modulated in dependence of the electrical modulation signal. Further, a method for operating an optoelectronic module and a Head-Mounted Display comprising an optoelectronic module are provided.

Optical apparatus are disclosed, for use for example in glazing units for building or vehicles, in mirrors, or in low information displays such as signage or watches. In one arrangement, an optical apparatus comprises a plurality of optically switchable elements. Each optically switchable element comprises a portion of phase change material defining a pixel of the apparatus. Each pixel of phase change material is thermally switchable between a plurality of stable states having different refractive indices relative to each other. A plurality of switching elements are provided. Each switching element selectively causes heating in a corresponding one of the pixels of phase change material to perform thermal switching of the pixel of phase change material. Each pixel of phase change material has a length to width aspect ratio of at least 20:1.

Optical apparatus are disclosed, for use for example in glazing units for building or vehicles, in mirrors, or in low information displays such as signage or watches. In one arrangement, an optical apparatus comprises a plurality of optically switchable elements. Each optically switchable element comprises a portion of phase change material defining a pixel of the apparatus. Each pixel of phase change material is thermally switchable between a plurality of stable states having different refractive indices relative to each other. A plurality of switching elements are provided. Each switching element selectively causes heating in a corresponding one of the pixels of phase change material to perform thermal switching of the pixel of phase change material. Each pixel of phase change material has a length to width aspect ratio of at least 20:1.

The present disclosure relates to a multifocal lens. The multifocal lens may include N liquid crystal panels in a stacked manner. The N liquid crystal panels may include an n-th liquid crystal panel, and the n-th liquid crystal panel may include an n-th converging element having an n-th focal length. N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2, n is a positive integer, and 1≤n≤N. The n-th liquid crystal panel may be configured to be switchable between a converging state and a non-converging state. The N liquid crystal panels may be configured to make the multifocal lens to have switchable C.sub.N.sup.1+C.sub.N.sup.2+C.sub.N.sup.3+ . . . +C.sub.N.sup.N focal lengths, and the C.sub.N.sup.1+C.sub.N.sup.2+C.sub.N.sup.3+ . . . +C.sub.N.sup.N focal lengths are all different from one another.