Methods, systems, and techniques for controlling a variable transmittance optical filter involve determining at least one of a temperature of, color of, and current flowing through the optical filter, and adjusting the voltage applied across the filter in response to at least one of the temperature, color, and current. The transmittance of the optical filter decreases until reaching a minimum on exposure to a first stimulus and increases until reaching a maximum in response to application of a second stimulus, and at least one of the first and second stimuli involves applying a voltage across the filter.

Methods, systems, and techniques for controlling a variable transmittance optical filter involve determining at least one of a temperature of, color of, and current flowing through the optical filter, and adjusting the voltage applied across the filter in response to at least one of the temperature, color, and current. The transmittance of the optical filter decreases until reaching a minimum on exposure to a first stimulus and increases until reaching a maximum in response to application of a second stimulus, and at least one of the first and second stimuli involves applying a voltage across the filter.

Various embodiments are described herein for an ocular device implantable in a user's eye and which has an adjustable optical element for varying one or more optical properties for the eye such as, but not limited to, providing a dynamically adjustable aperture stop to control the amount of incoming light, filtering incoming light, polarizing incoming light, and/or varying a depth of field for the eye.

Various embodiments are described herein for an ocular device implantable in a user's eye and which has an adjustable optical element for varying one or more optical properties for the eye such as, but not limited to, providing a dynamically adjustable aperture stop to control the amount of incoming light, filtering incoming light, polarizing incoming light, and/or varying a depth of field for the eye.

A display panel is disclosed. The display panel includes a plurality of pixel structures, each of the pixel structures including: a first electrode being a transparent electrode; a second electrode in substantially parallel arrangement with respect to the first electrode; a retaining wall between the first electrode and the second electrode, and enclosing a sealed cavity together with the first electrode and the second electrode; and a target liquid in the sealed cavity containing a plurality of particles, and the plurality of particles being configured to form photonic crystals with different lattice spacing under an action of different electric fields between the first electrode and the second electrode.

Achieving precise, localized reversible control of optical material properties is challenging. Fortunately, electrochemical reactions and proton pumping in a solid-state system provide reversible electrical control of the solid-state system's optical properties. Applying a voltage to a thin solid electrolyte layer, such as GdO.sub.x, splits water into O.sub.2 and H.sup.+ (with charge conservation ensured by electron transfer at the electrodes) at the interface between the solid electrolyte and an electrode. The voltage drives the protons into the solid electrolyte, changing the solid electrolyte's refractive index. Reversing the polarity of the applied voltage drives the protons out of the solid electrolyte, reversing the refractive index change. This reversible electrical control can be used to implement interference color modulation, transmission modulation, and switchable plasmonics. Because the solid electrolyte can be less than 10 nanometers thick, this electrochemical control enables highly localized control of optical properties active plasmonic devices and reconfigurable metamaterials.

Achieving precise, localized reversible control of optical material properties is challenging. Fortunately, electrochemical reactions and proton pumping in a solid-state system provide reversible electrical control of the solid-state system's optical properties. Applying a voltage to a thin solid electrolyte layer, such as GdO.sub.x, splits water into O.sub.2 and H.sup.+ (with charge conservation ensured by electron transfer at the electrodes) at the interface between the solid electrolyte and an electrode. The voltage drives the protons into the solid electrolyte, changing the solid electrolyte's refractive index. Reversing the polarity of the applied voltage drives the protons out of the solid electrolyte, reversing the refractive index change. This reversible electrical control can be used to implement interference color modulation, transmission modulation, and switchable plasmonics. Because the solid electrolyte can be less than 10 nanometers thick, this electrochemical control enables highly localized control of optical properties active plasmonic devices and reconfigurable metamaterials.

Disclosed an array substrate and a display panel, wherein the array substrate comprises a substrate, a plurality of pixel units disposed on the substrate, wherein each of the pixel units comprises a first pixel subunit, a second pixel subunit and a third pixel subunit, and a color filter disposed on each of the pixel subunits, wherein the color filter is located between the substrate and the second substrate, and the color filter of the third pixel subunit has a step structure. The display panel comprises the array substrate above and a second substrate, wherein the second substrate being disposed opposite to the array substrate.

Various embodiments are described herein for an ocular device implantable in a user's eye and which has an adjustable optical element for varying one or more optical properties for the eye such as, but not limited to, providing a dynamically adjustable aperture stop to control the amount of incoming light, filtering incoming light, polarizing incoming light, and/or varying a depth of field for the eye.

Various embodiments are described herein for an ocular device implantable in a user's eye and which has an adjustable optical element for varying one or more optical properties for the eye such as, but not limited to, providing a dynamically adjustable aperture stop to control the amount of incoming light, filtering incoming light, polarizing incoming light, and/or varying a depth of field for the eye.