An apparatus and method for electromagnetic beam steering and manipulating employ narrow beams in close proximity. The beam width and distance between neighboring beams are arranged around or smaller than the wavelength. In an aspect, a strong beam is steered by a much weaker beam. In another aspect, a strong beam is focused by a small group of much weaker beams.

A beam steering apparatus includes a transformation layer, of which a refraction index is changed by light irradiation, a pattern layer arranged on the transformation layer and comprises a plurality of patterns, and a light irradiation unit arranged under the transformation layer. The pattern layer has patterns of a metasurface shape to reflect an external laser. The light irradiation unit may emit light having different characteristics.

An adaptive photo thermal lens comprising at least one cell, each cell provided with at least one photo absorbing particle, a thermo-optical material in thermal contact with the cells and at least one controllable light source for illuminating the photo absorbing particles, the light source having at least one spectral component which can be absorbed by the photo-absorbing particles and being controllable in wavelength and/or power and/or polarization.

There are provided a wavelength selective switch device, a communication apparatus and a wavelength switching method. The wavelength selective switch device includes an incidence unit; an exit unit; a wavelength diversifying-synthesizing unit for diversifying and multiplexing the respective incident lights in a first axis direction; a light adjustment unit for making the lights of respective wavelengths be not diversified in the second axis direction; a liquid crystal beam deflection unit having a plurality of pixels divided into sub-regions, for deflecting the lights of the respective wavelengths by changing phase-shift characteristics of the pixels in the sub-regions; a reflection unit, disposed in parallel with the liquid crystal beam deflection unit; a deflection driving unit for driving electrodes of the pixels to generate required phase-shift characteristics.

A projection apparatus including a light source, a light valve, a light uniforming device, and a first curved-surface reflection device is provided. The light source provides an illumination beam. The light valve is disposed on a transmission path of the illumination beam for converting the illumination beam into an image beam. The light valve has an active surface that substantially has a rectangular contour. The light uniforming device is disposed on the transmission path of the illumination beam and between the light source and the light valve. The first curved-surface reflection device is disposed on the transmission path of the illumination beam and between the light source and the light valve for reflecting the illumination beam to the light valve. A curvature of the first curved-surface reflection device along a first direction is not equal to a curvature of the first curved-surface reflection device along a second direction.

The present application relates to the technical field of near-eye display devices, and aims to solve the problem of how to reduce the thickness of an optical component by providing an optical component and a display device. The optical assembly includes a display component and a refractive component. The display component has a display side, and the display component is capable of projecting imaging light toward the display side. The refractive component is disposed on the display side and adhered to the display component, and the refractive component is used to adjust a diopter of the imaging light. The beneficial effect of the present application is that by attaching the refractive component to the display component, the space between the refractive component and the display component is saved, and thereby the thickness of the optical component is reduced.