This far-infrared spectroscopy device is provided with: a variable wavelength far-infrared light source that generates first far-infrared light; an illuminating optical system that irradiates a sample with the first far-infrared light; a detecting nonlinear optical crystal that converts second far-infrared light into near-infrared light using pump light, said second far-infrared light having been transmitted from the sample; and a far-infrared image-forming optical system that forms an image of the sample in the detecting nonlinear optical crystal. The irradiation position of the first far-infrared light on the sample does not depend on the wavelength of the first far-infrared light.

This far-infrared spectroscopy device is provided with: a variable wavelength far-infrared light source that generates first far-infrared light; an illuminating optical system that irradiates a sample with the first far-infrared light; a detecting nonlinear optical crystal that converts second far-infrared light into near-infrared light using pump light, said second far-infrared light having been transmitted from the sample; and a far-infrared image-forming optical system that forms an image of the sample in the detecting nonlinear optical crystal. The irradiation position of the first far-infrared light on the sample does not depend on the wavelength of the first far-infrared light.

Apparatus and methods for producing ultrashort optical pulses are described. A high-power, solid-state, passively mode-locked laser can be manufactured in a compact module that can be incorporated into a portable instrument. The mode-locked laser can produce sub-50-ps optical pulses at a repetition rates between 200 MHz and 50 MHz, rates suitable for massively parallel data-acquisition. The optical pulses can be used to generate a reference clock signal for synchronizing data-acquisition and signal-processing electronics of the portable instrument.

Apparatus and methods for producing ultrashort optical pulses are described. A high-power, solid-state, passively mode-locked laser can be manufactured in a compact module that can be incorporated into a portable instrument. The mode-locked laser can produce sub-50-ps optical pulses at a repetition rates between 200 MHz and 50 MHz, rates suitable for massively parallel data-acquisition. The optical pulses can be used to generate a reference clock signal for synchronizing data-acquisition and signal-processing electronics of the portable instrument.

The disclosed laser system is configured with a laser source outputting light at a fundamental frequency. The output light is incident on a frequency converter operative to convert the fundamental frequency to a higher harmonic including at least one frequency converting stage. The frequency converter is based on a SrB.sub.4O.sub.7 (SBO) or PbB.sub.4O.sub.7 (PBO) nonlinear crystal configured with a plurality of domains. The domains have periodically alternating polarity of the crystal axis enabling a QPM use and formed with each with highly parallel walls which deviate from one another less than 1 micron over a 10 mm distance.

The disclosed laser system is configured with a laser source outputting light at a fundamental frequency. The output light is incident on a frequency converter operative to convert the fundamental frequency to a higher harmonic including at least one frequency converting stage. The frequency converter is based on a SrB.sub.4O.sub.7 (SBO) or PbB.sub.4O.sub.7 (PBO) nonlinear crystal configured with a plurality of domains. The domains have periodically alternating polarity of the crystal axis enabling a QPM use and formed with each with highly parallel walls which deviate from one another less than 1 micron over a 10 mm distance.

An apparatus and method are provided for generating harmonic light from a pump beam that is impinged on a metasurface comprising a plurality of all-dielectric resonator bodies. A multiple quantum well structure formed in each resonator body includes asymmetric coupled quantum wells having intersubband transition frequencies that couple to Mie resonances of the resonator bodies.

An apparatus and method are provided for generating harmonic light from a pump beam that is impinged on a metasurface comprising a plurality of all-dielectric resonator bodies. A multiple quantum well structure formed in each resonator body includes asymmetric coupled quantum wells having intersubband transition frequencies that couple to Mie resonances of the resonator bodies.

Methods and apparatuses for manipulating and modulating of laser beams. The methods and apparatuses enable activating and deactivating of laser beams, while the laser systems maintain their operating power. Further, a hybrid pump module configured to be coupled to an optical fiber having a core and at least one clad, comprising: at least one focusing lens in optical with the optical fiber; plurality of diode modules, each configured to output a multi-mode beam in optical path with the clad; and at least one core associated module, in optical path with the core, configured to provide selected functions. Further, apparatus and methods configured for frequency doubling of optical radiation.

Methods and apparatuses for manipulating and modulating of laser beams. The methods and apparatuses enable activating and deactivating of laser beams, while the laser systems maintain their operating power. Further, a hybrid pump module configured to be coupled to an optical fiber having a core and at least one clad, comprising: at least one focusing lens in optical with the optical fiber; plurality of diode modules, each configured to output a multi-mode beam in optical path with the clad; and at least one core associated module, in optical path with the core, configured to provide selected functions. Further, apparatus and methods configured for frequency doubling of optical radiation.