An apparatus includes a first photonic crystal fiber. The first photonic crystal fiber includes a first dispersion at a pump wavelength. The first photonic crystal fiber includes a zero dispersion. The pump wavelength is within 100 nm of the zero dispersion. The first dispersion is normal. The first photonic crystal fiber includes a first mode field diameter at the pump wavelength. The apparatus also includes a second photonic crystal fiber coupled to the first photonic crystal fiber and outputs a broadband spectrum. The second photonic crystal fiber includes a second dispersion at the pump wavelength. The second dispersion is anomalous. The second dispersion is negative, and the first dispersion is positive. The second photonic crystal fiber includes a second mode field diameter at the pump wavelength. The second mode field diameter is smaller than the first mode field diameter.

In one aspect, a device is disclosed that includes one or more input ports structured to receive a pumping light at a pumping wavelength and a signal light at a signal wavelength, and one or more output ports structured to output light including an amplified signal light at the signal wavelength and a second harmonic idler light. The device includes a nonlinear optical material to mix the pumping light and the signal light and to cause nonlinear conversion of the pumping light into the amplified signal light and generate an idler light at an idler wavelength. The nonlinear optical material is further structured to convert the idler light into the second harmonic idler light which eliminates the idler light at the one or more output ports and prevents back-conversion of the amplified signal light and idler light to the pumping wavelength.

In one aspect, a device is disclosed that includes one or more input ports structured to receive a pumping light at a pumping wavelength and a signal light at a signal wavelength, and one or more output ports structured to output light including an amplified signal light at the signal wavelength and a second harmonic idler light. The device includes a nonlinear optical material to mix the pumping light and the signal light and to cause nonlinear conversion of the pumping light into the amplified signal light and generate an idler light at an idler wavelength. The nonlinear optical material is further structured to convert the idler light into the second harmonic idler light which eliminates the idler light at the one or more output ports and prevents back-conversion of the amplified signal light and idler light to the pumping wavelength.

An OPO including a resonator comprising a material having a nonlinear susceptibility generating an output electromagnetic field in response to a pump electromagnetic field inputted into the material. The output electromagnetic field has one or more output wavelengths longer than one or more pump wavelengths of the pump electromagnetic field. The resonator has dimensions less than, or on the order of, the one or more output wavelengths in free space.

An OPO including a resonator comprising a material having a nonlinear susceptibility generating an output electromagnetic field in response to a pump electromagnetic field inputted into the material. The output electromagnetic field has one or more output wavelengths longer than one or more pump wavelengths of the pump electromagnetic field. The resonator has dimensions less than, or on the order of, the one or more output wavelengths in free space.

A system for generating a coherent laser light includes a light source configured to pump a first color laser light and a device configured to generate a coherent second color light and a coherent third color light. The device includes a waveguide configured to couple to the light source and a microring resonator coupled to the light source via the waveguide. The microring resonator is configured to generate a coherent second color light and a coherent third color light. The generation of the coherent second color light and the coherent third color light is based on hybrid-mode optical parametric oscillation.

A multiplexed single photon source for quasi-deterministically generating single photons, wherein heralded random single photons generated by pulsed random single photon source are sent through a series of optical switches each having first and second input and output modes and each capable of being switched from a first state corresponding to a SWAP operation to a second state corresponding to an Identity operation on the mode space, whereby the first and second input and output modes of the switches are connected in series to form a first and second optical path respectively, and whereby a first output mode of a last optical switch forms the output mode of the multiplexed single photon source and a second output mode of the last optical switch is connected by a delay loop introducing a time delay T.sub.d to the second input mode of a first optical switch. It furthermore relates to a method of quasi-deterministically generating single photons with such a multiplexed single photon source, the method comprising initializing, before or at the start of a first cycle, the first switch in the first state and all subsequent switches in the second state; switching, when the generation of a random single photon is heralded, the first switch to the second state after that photon has been routed onto the closed optical path formed by the second optical path and the delay loop, thereby ensuring that the photon may loop around the closed optical path; and, switching, at the start of the Nth cycle, a last switch of the series of optical switches into the first state, thereby causing the photon to be routed out of the closed optical path and into the output mode of the multiplexed single photon source, such that the photon is output quasi-deterministically at a time N Td after the start of the first cycle.

A multiplexed single photon source for quasi-deterministically generating single photons, wherein heralded random single photons generated by pulsed random single photon source are sent through a series of optical switches each having first and second input and output modes and each capable of being switched from a first state corresponding to a SWAP operation to a second state corresponding to an Identity operation on the mode space, whereby the first and second input and output modes of the switches are connected in series to form a first and second optical path respectively, and whereby a first output mode of a last optical switch forms the output mode of the multiplexed single photon source and a second output mode of the last optical switch is connected by a delay loop introducing a time delay T.sub.d to the second input mode of a first optical switch. It furthermore relates to a method of quasi-deterministically generating single photons with such a multiplexed single photon source, the method comprising initializing, before or at the start of a first cycle, the first switch in the first state and all subsequent switches in the second state; switching, when the generation of a random single photon is heralded, the first switch to the second state after that photon has been routed onto the closed optical path formed by the second optical path and the delay loop, thereby ensuring that the photon may loop around the closed optical path; and, switching, at the start of the Nth cycle, a last switch of the series of optical switches into the first state, thereby causing the photon to be routed out of the closed optical path and into the output mode of the multiplexed single photon source, such that the photon is output quasi-deterministically at a time N Td after the start of the first cycle.

Example optical amplification apparatus and example signal amplification methods are provided. One example optical amplification apparatus is connected to an optical fiber. The optical amplification apparatus includes a first pump laser and a first gain medium. The first pump laser is configured to emit first pump light. The first gain medium is configured to receive the first pump light and first multi-channel optical signals from the optical fiber; and perform gain amplification on the first multi-channel optical signals based on the first pump light, where the first pump light overlaps each of the first multi-channel optical signals in the first gain medium.

In order to address an issue that an unsolved problem is caused in a conventional coherent Ising machine in which a term, which expresses a magnetic field at each site, is not able to be implemented, the present invention provides an Ising model calculation device comprising a push-pull-type optical modulator in which a role corresponding to “a local magnetic field” can be implemented by adjusting an operation point. The calculation device of the present disclosure is characterized by implementing an item, which expresses a magnetic field, at each site by adding, to the conventional coherent Ising machine, a function for simulating the magnetic field item. Specifically, light having the amplitude of a predetermined sign is input in the conventional coherent Ising machine by dislocating an operation point of the push-pull-type optical modulator. When the operation point is dislocated to a + direction, DOPO into which the light is injected considerably tends to oscillate at 0 phase, and becomes reversed when the operation point is dislocated to a minus direction.