The present disclosure relates to the field of display technology, and provides a liquid crystal display panel, a display device, and a driving method for the same. The liquid crystal display panel includes an array of pixel units, wherein each pixel unit includes a plurality of sub-pixel units. The liquid crystal display panel further includes: a first substrate, a second substrate, a liquid crystal layer, a pixel electrode layer, a common electrode layer, and a waveguide grating which are stacked over each other.

The disclosure provides a display panel and a display device. The display panel includes an upper substrate (001) and a lower substrate (002) arranged opposite to each other, a liquid crystal layer (003), a waveguide layer (004), a plurality of grating coupling structures (005), and a plurality of electrode structures (006). The liquid crystal layer (003) is arranged between the upper substrate (001) and the lower substrate (002), and liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer (003) have a refractive index no with respect to o-polarized light, and a refractive index ne with respect to e-polarized light; the waveguide layer (004) is arranged on a side of the lower substrate (002) facing the upper substrate (001), and a refractive index of the waveguide layer (004) is at least greater than a refractive index of a film layer in contact with the waveguide layer (004); the plurality of grating coupling structures (005) are arranged and arrayed on a surface of the waveguide layer (004) on a side thereof facing the upper substrate (001); and the plurality of electrode structures (006) are arranged on sides of the grating coupling structures (005) facing the upper substrate (001) and are in correspondence to the grating coupling structures (005) in a one-to-one manner. The display and the display device can control a display grayscale.

An integrated optical beam steering device includes a planar dielectric lens that collimates beams from different inputs in different directions within the lens plane. It also includes an output coupler, such as a grating or photonic crystal, that guides the collimated beams in different directions out of the lens plane. A switch matrix controls which input port is illuminated and hence the in-plane propagation direction of the collimated beam. And a tunable light source changes the wavelength to control the angle at which the collimated beam leaves the plane of the substrate. The device is very efficient, in part because the input port (and thus in-plane propagation direction) can be changed by actuating only log.sub.2 N of the N switches in the switch matrix. It can also be much simpler, smaller, and cheaper because it needs fewer control lines than a conventional optical phased array with the same resolution.

Structures providing optical beam steering and methods of fabricating such structures. A first grating coupler has a first plurality of grating structures spaced with a first pitch along a first axis. A second grating coupler has a second plurality of grating structures spaced with a second pitch along a second axis. An optical switch is coupled to the first grating coupler and to the second grating coupler. The optical switch is configured to select between the first grating coupler and the second grating coupler for optical signal routing. The second axis of the second grating coupler is aligned nonparallel to the first axis of the first grating coupler.

An on-chip optical phased array includes an array of photonic antenna units connected in series by photonic waveguides and arranged in a two-dimensional array to produce complex still and scanning optical patterns through optical interference effect. Each antenna unit includes an output photonic antenna (e.g. grating antenna), and a waveguide phase shifter for adjusting the optical phase of the optical beam output by the antenna unit. The grating antenna and the waveguide phase shifter are formed in the same optical wave guiding layer which includes a core layer between two cladding layers. The grating antennas may be a shallow-etched structure or a deep-etched edge-modulated grating. The optical phased array, including the array of photonic antenna units and the electrodes that connect and provide electrical power to them, can be made on a single chip of silicon using complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) or compatible fabrication processes.

Techniques disclosed herein relate to photon sources with high spectral purity and high brightness. In one embodiment, a photon-pair source includes a pump waveguide, a first resonator coupled to the pump waveguide to couple pump photons from the pump waveguide into the first resonator, a second resonator coupled to the first resonator, and an output waveguide coupled to the second resonator. The second resonator is configured to convert the pump photons into photon pairs. The second resonator and the first resonator are configured to cause a coupling-induced resonance splitting in the second resonator or the first resonator. The second resonator and the output waveguide are configured to couple the photon pairs from the second resonator into the output waveguide. In some embodiments, the photo-pair source includes one or more tuners for tuning at least one of the first resonator or the second resonator.

Structures that include an optical component, such as a grating coupler, and methods of fabricating a structure that includes an optical component, such as a grating coupler. First and second layers are arranged over the optical component with the first layer arranged between the second layer and the optical component. The first and second layers are each composed of a tunable material having a refractive index that is a function of a bias voltage applied to the first layer and the second layer.

The disclosure provides a display panel and a display device. The display panel includes an upper substrate (001) and a lower substrate (002) arranged opposite to each other, a liquid crystal layer (003), a waveguide layer (004), a plurality of grating coupling structures (005), and a plurality of electrode structures (006). The liquid crystal layer (003) is arranged between the upper substrate (001) and the lower substrate (002), and liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer (003) have a refractive index no with respect to o-polarized light, and a refractive index ne with respect to e-polarized light; the waveguide layer (004) is arranged on a side of the lower substrate (002) facing the upper substrate (001), and a refractive index of the waveguide layer (004) is at least greater than a refractive index of a film layer in contact with the waveguide layer (004); the plurality of grating coupling structures (005) are arranged and arrayed on a surface of the waveguide layer (004) on a side thereof facing the upper substrate (001); and the plurality of electrode structures (006) are arranged on sides of the grating coupling structures (005) facing the upper substrate (001) and are in correspondence to the grating coupling structures (005) in a one-to-one manner. The display and the display device can control a display grayscale.

A light field generation system includes a two dimensional emitter array for projecting light and a directionally-sensitive optical element in front of the emitter array but before a directional diffuser. Certain classes of emitters are intended to project information principally along one axis (e.g. amplitude modulated in the horizontal plane, i.e. so that each eye sees a potentially different image) and are the basis of horizontal-parallax-only (HPO) displays. Examples include surface acoustic wave (SAW) modulators, such as edge-emitting or surface-emitting modulators. They often project undesired or stray light along directions along a different axis (e.g. vertically) and the diffuser will also spread the visibility of the stray light field components. Thus, the directionally-sensitive optical element will improve contrast in this scenario.

A liquid crystal waveguide (LCW) can include actively controlled incoupling of light into a LCW, such as by using a voltage-controlled electrode to actively vary a property of an LC material arranged to affect the incoupling of light into the LCW. Actively varying light incoupling into the LCW can be used, for example, such as for calibration or compensation or to provide closed-loop feedback such as to stabilize the amount of light into the LCW while accommodating or reducing sensitivity of the LCW to variations in one or more of: input laser light incidence angle, input laser wavelength, LCW or input laser temperature, input laser optical power level, or the like. This can advantageously help improve or maximize light incoupling efficiency, which can improve performance and robustness of the LCW under actual operating conditions. The LCW can be used for, among other things, beamsteering in in-plane and out-of-plane directions.