Provided is a photochromic indolenaphthopyran compound having the skeletal structure of Formula (I): wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 each independently have a steric bulk A, wherein at least one of R.sup.1 or R.sup.2 has a steric bulk A of at least 0.6, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 each independently have a Hammett σρ value, and wherein the indolenaphthopyran compound has a calculated electronic steric factor of at least −3.3.

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A process for improving sensitivity of a film base, coated with a dispersion of a normally crystalline polyacetylenic compound in a non-solvating liquid which is dried on the film surface, to particular photon energy band, specifically, long wavelength UV; the polyacetylenic compound preferably having at least two conjugated acetylenic linkages and containing from 12 to 60 carbon atoms. The sensitization of the film to long wavelength UV is achieved via the addition of photoinitiator(s) capable of absorbing UV energy and converting it to free radicals.

A process for improving sensitivity of a film base, coated with a dispersion of a normally crystalline polyacetylenic compound in a non-solvating liquid which is dried on the film surface, to particular photon energy band, specifically, long wavelength UV; the polyacetylenic compound preferably having at least two conjugated acetylenic linkages and containing from 12 to 60 carbon atoms. The sensitization of the film to long wavelength UV is achieved via the addition of photoinitiator(s) capable of absorbing UV energy and converting it to free radicals.

Various non-limiting embodiments of the present disclosure relate to ophthalmic devices comprising photochromic materials comprising a reactive substituent. For example, the present disclosure contemplates ophthalmic devices comprising photochromic materials, such as photochromic naphthopyrans and indeno-fused naphthopyrans having a reactive substituent comprising a reactive moiety linked to the photochromic naphthopyran by one or more linking groups. In certain non-limiting embodiments, the reactive moiety comprises a polymerizable moiety. In other non-limiting embodiments, the reactive moiety comprises a nucleophilic moiety. Other non-limiting embodiments of the present disclosure relate to methods of making the photochromic ophthalmic device, wherein the photochromic ophthalmic devices comprise the photochromic naphthopyrans described herein.

Various non-limiting embodiments of the present disclosure relate to ophthalmic devices comprising photochromic materials comprising a reactive substituent. For example, the present disclosure contemplates ophthalmic devices comprising photochromic materials, such as photochromic naphthopyrans and indeno-fused naphthopyrans having a reactive substituent comprising a reactive moiety linked to the photochromic naphthopyran by one or more linking groups. In certain non-limiting embodiments, the reactive moiety comprises a polymerizable moiety. In other non-limiting embodiments, the reactive moiety comprises a nucleophilic moiety. Other non-limiting embodiments of the present disclosure relate to methods of making the photochromic ophthalmic device, wherein the photochromic ophthalmic devices comprise the photochromic naphthopyrans described herein.

Provided is a compound that is fluidized by light irradiation and reversibly non-fluidized, and is not significantly colored.

Provided is a photoresponsive compound represented by the following general formula (1), the photoresponsive compound being fluidized by light irradiation and reversibly non-fluidized:

R.sub.1—Z.sub.1═Z.sub.2—R.sub.2  General formula (1) wherein Z.sub.1 and Z.sub.2 are N or CH, while Z.sub.1≠Z.sub.2, R.sub.1 contains an aromatic hydrocarbon structure, R.sub.2 contains an aromatic heterocyclic structure, and a hydrogen atom is bonded to at least one carbon atom bonded adjacent to a carbon atom in the aromatic heterocyclic structure bonded to the Z.sub.2.

A method of forming an image on a substrate by applying energy, involves a substrate in or on which there are at least two different color-change agents, i.e. a first color-change agent capable of giving rise to at least two different colors; and a second color-change agent capable of giving rise to at least one different color than achievable with the first color change agent. A preferred embodiment of the invention is a multi-layer laminate comprising, in order, a layer comprising the first agent, a barrier layer, and a layer comprising the second agent.

A method of forming an image on a substrate by applying energy, involves a substrate in or on which there are at least two different color-change agents, i.e. a first color-change agent capable of giving rise to at least two different colors; and a second color-change agent capable of giving rise to at least one different color than achievable with the first color change agent. A preferred embodiment of the invention is a multi-layer laminate comprising, in order, a layer comprising the first agent, a barrier layer, and a layer comprising the second agent.

A polymerizable composition for an optical material of the present invention includes (A) an allyl carbonate compound represented by General Formula (1) and including two or more allyloxycarbonyl groups; (B) a (meth)acrylate compound represented by General Formula (2) and including two or more (meth)acryl groups; and (C) a photochromic compound, in which, in 100% by weight in a total of the compound (A) and the compound (B), the compound (A) is included in an amount of more than 0% by weight and 30% by weight or less and the compound (B) is included in an amount of 70% by weight or more and less than 100% by weight. ##STR00001##

A matrix processing apparatus having a three-dimensional slice access memory and an input-/output block. The slice access memory includes cells organized into cell slices, each slice storing an entire selected data matrix. The three-dimensional slice access memory is configured to allow read/write access to the entire data matrix at the same time. The input/output block is connected to the three-dimensional slice access memory and is configured to format data into a format acceptable to the three-dimensional slice access memory.