The invention provides a stereo lithographic 3D printing assembly comprising a digital projection system for projecting a first pattern having a first resolution at a projection location, and a photo mask system for projecting a second pattern having a second resolution at said projection location. This provides a fast 3D printing assembly allowing high resolution details.

An object holder for a lithographic apparatus has a main body having a surface. A plurality of burls to support an object is formed on the surface or in apertures of a thin-film stack. At least one of the burls is formed by laser-sintering. At least one of the burs formed by laser-sintering may be a repair of a damaged burl previously formed by laser-sintering or another method.

Build material handling unit (2) for a powder module (3) for an apparatus for additively manufacturing three-dimensional objects, which apparatus is adapted to successively layerwise selectively irradiate and consolidate layers of a build material (4) which can be consolidated by means of an energy source, wherein the build material handling unit (2) is coupled or can be coupled with a powder module (3), wherein the build material handling unit (2) is adapted to level and/or compact a volume of build material (4) arranged inside a powder chamber (5) of the powder module (3) by controlling the gas pressure inside the powder chamber (5).

An object holder for a lithographic apparatus has a main body having a surface. A plurality of burls to support an object is formed on the surface or in apertures of a thin-film stack. At least one of the burls is formed by laser-sintering. At least one of the burls formed by laser-sintering may be a repair of a damaged burl previously formed by laser-sintering or another method.

A method of manufacturing an optical article, wherein an output light flux generating process of generating an output light flux by inputting a light from a light source to an output setting element having a repetition structure; a cured layer forming process of forming a cured layer at an irradiation area that is formed in correspondence with the output area by introducing the output light flux through a projection optical system into a container in which light-curable resin is contained and a stage is arranged and condensing the output light flux; and a stage moving process of moving the stage in a desired distance along the direction of the output flux propagating, are sequentially performed in this order and an irradiation variation process of varying the irradiation area in the cured layer generating process are further included, thereby the optical article is formed on a surface of the stage.

A system for exposing a material with images includes an exposure table and an electronic light projector arranged above the exposure table. The system is adapted to project images towards a material arranged at the exposure table. The electronic light projector and the exposure table are configured to be moved relative to each other during exposure. The electronic light projector is connected to a projector control unit configured to provide a sequence of images to be exposed represented by image data and superimpose a static image pattern onto the edge sections of the images to be exposed, resulting in a sequence of combined images. The width of the static image pattern is slimmer than the image to be exposed. The electronic light projector is configured to expose the combined images sequentially onto the material.

A metalens array is disclosed for controllably modifying a phase of a wavefront of an optical beam. The metalens array may have a substrate having at least first and second metalens unit cells, and forming a single integrated structure with no stitching being required of the first and second metalens unit cells. The first metalens unit cell has a first plurality of nanoscale features and is configured to modify a phase of a first portion of a wavefront of an optical signal incident thereon in accordance with a first predetermined phase pattern to create at least one first focal voxel within an image plane. The second metalens unit cell has a second plurality of nanoscale features configured to modify the phase of a second portion of the wavefront of the optical signal incident thereon, in accordance with a second predetermined phase pattern, to simultaneously create at least one second focal voxel within the image plane. Each metalens unit cell also has an overall diameter of no more than about 200 microns.

A system including: a container for holding a photosensitive medium adapted to change states upon exposure to a light source; an optical imaging system, configured to move above the container holding the photosensitive medium, and having the light source; and a control system configured to: slice a digital model of a three-dimensional object into a slice having a cross section; generate a build cross section by filling a two-dimensional image with one or more copies of the cross section; add to the build cross section a conformal lattice to fill space in the build cross section around the one or more copies of the cross section; and control movement of the optical imaging system above the container to cure a portion of the photosensitive medium corresponding to the build cross section to produce a layer of a three-dimensional object.

A method of producing a test body for diffusion tensor imaging, which comprises a plurality of channels in a structuring material, the channels preferably having a maximum cross-section of 625 μm.sup.2, wherein a virtual model of the test body is created and the virtual model is fed to a structuring device which produces the test body by means of a 3D printing-based, in particular lithography-based, structuring process, the structuring process being designed as a multiphoton lithography process, in particular as a multiphoton absorption process, in which the structuring material containing a photosensitizer or photoinitiator is irradiated in a location-selective manner, wherein the radiation is successively focused on focal points lying within the structuring material, resulting in that in each case a volume element of the material located in the focal point is subjected to a change in state by means of a photochemical reaction as a result of multiphoton absorption.

The invention provides a stereo lithographic 3D printing assembly comprising a digital projection system for projecting a first pattern having a first resolution at a projection location, and a photo mask system for projecting a second pattern having a second resolution at said projection location.

This provides a fast 3D printing assembly allowing high resolution details.