The image forming apparatus includes a photosensitive member configured to bear a toner image, the photosensitive member having a surface layer containing acrylic resin, and an intermediate transfer member configured to secondarily transfer the toner image having been primarily transferred from the photosensitive member onto a transfer material, the intermediate transfer member having a surface layer containing acrylic resin and having a ten-point average roughness Rz set within a range of 0.35 mRz1.5 m.

An electrophotographic photoreceptor includes a conductive substrate; an undercoat layer formed on the conductive substrate and containing a polyurethane resin, metal oxide particles, a silane coupling agent, and a compound represented by General Formula (ID); and a photosensitive layer formed on the undercoat layer ##STR00001##
(where R.sup.1 to R.sup.8 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a nitro group, a cyano group, a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a saturated or unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group optionally having a substituent, an aromatic hydrocarbon group optionally having a substituent, an alkoxy group optionally having a substituent, an aryloxy group optionally having a substituent, a sulfo group optionally having a substituent, an amino group, an alkylamino group optionally having a substituent, or an arylamino group optionally having a substituent).

An electrophotographic photoreceptor includes a conductive substrate; a photosensitive layer provided on the conductive substrate; and an undercoating layer that is provided between the conductive substrate and the photosensitive layer and includes a charge transport material containing at least one of imide compounds represented by Formula (1) or (2):

##STR00001## (in Formulas (1) and (2), R.sup.10, R.sup.11, R.sup.20, or R.sup.21 independently represents a group represented by Formula (3) or (4) where X represents a monovalent organic group having at least one of an alkyl group, an alkylene group, an ether group, an ester group, and a keto group, a halogen atom, a nitro group, an aralkyl group, or an aryl group, Y represents a sulfur atom or an oxygen atom, n represents an integer of 0 to 2, and when n represents 2, two X's may be the same or different), and an imide compound is represented by Formula (1A) where Ar represents an aromatic group having 6 to 18 carbon atoms except for a tetravalent perylene group, X.sup.1 and X.sup.2 each independently represent a nitrogen atom or a substituted or unsubstituted carbon atom, Y.sup.1 and Y.sup.2 each independently represent an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, a selenium atom, or NH, and R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group:

##STR00002##

The present disclosure relates to an electrophotographic photoreceptor which can suppress occurrence of abnormalities such as peeling or falling off of a film from a substrate end portion in a film formation step of a surface layer and maintain and reproduce a stable printing quality even in a use stage after productization, and an image forming apparatus including the same. An electrophotographic photoreceptor includes a cylindrical substrate including a chamfered face located between an substrate outer circumferential surface and a substrate end face, and a surface layer located on the outer circumferential surface. The substrate outer circumferential surface includes a first uneven portion. The chamfered face includes a second uneven portion and a third uneven portion located on a surface of the second uneven portion. A surface roughness Sa of the second uneven portion is larger than a surface roughness Sa of the third uneven portion.

An electrophotographic photosensitive member includes an undercoat layer, a charge generation layer, and a charge transport layer in this order. The undercoat layer contains a cured product of a composition containing an electron transport material, a particle having an average primary particle size of 10 nm or more, and a silicone oil. A content of the particle in the undercoat layer is 3% by mass or more and 20% by mass or less. A content of the silicone oil in the undercoat layer is 0.01% by mass or more and 10% by mass or less relative to the content of the particle.

Provided is an electrophotographic photoreceptor including: a conductive substrate; a single-layer type photosensitive layer that is provided on the conductive substrate; an inorganic protective layer that is provided on the single-layer type photosensitive layer; wherein layers that are interposed between the conductive substrate and the inorganic protective layer have a total thickness of 10 m to 25 m.

An electrophotographic photoconductor comprises a support, an undercoat layer, a charge generation layer, and a hole transport layer in this order. The undercoat layer comprises an electron transport substance, and the charge generation layer comprises a gallium phthalocyanine crystal and an amide compound represented by formula (N1): ##STR00001##
where R.sup.1 represents a methyl group, a propyl group, or a vinyl group.

Described herein is a photoreceptor. The photoreceptor includes a conductive substrate and an undercoat layer disposed on the conductive substrate. The undercoat layer includes a binder resin, metal oxide particles, and a compound selected from the group consisting of: a hydroxyquinoline, an aminoquinoline and a quinoline acid. The photoreceptor include a photosensitive layer disposed on the undercoat layer.

An electrophotographic photosensitive member including: a support, an undercoat layer formed above the support, a charge generation layer formed on the undercoat layer, and a charge transport layer formed above the charge generation layer, wherein the undercoat layer contains a polyamide resin and a titanium oxide particle which is surface-treated with a compound represented by Formula (1):

##STR00001##

when a volume of the titanium oxide particles to a volume of the polyamide resin in the undercoat layer is a, and an average primary particle diameter of the titanium oxide particles is b [m], the following Equation (A) is satisfied: Equation (A): 14.0a/b19.1; and the charge generation layer contains a charge generating material and a thermoplastic resin having a hydroxyl group and a hydroxyl number of 50 mgKOH/g or more.

The present invention provides an electrophotographic photosensitive member in which a photosensitive layer has strong close adhesiveness even when used repeatedly, and a positive ghost is reduced. An undercoat layer of the electrophotographic photosensitive member contains a cured product of an electron transport material having a polymerizable functional group; a polyolefin resin having at least one group/structure selected from the group consisting of a carboxyl group, an alkoxycarbonyl group and an anhydrous carboxylic acid structure, and a substituted or unsubstituted phenyl group; and an isocyanate compound having two or more isocyanate groups.