An image forming apparatus includes: an image forming unit comprising: a photosensitive member configured to rotate; a charging unit configured to charge the photosensitive member based on a charging bias; an exposure unit configured to expose the photosensitive member charged by the charging unit with laser light to form an electrostatic latent image on the photosensitive member; and a developing device configured to develop the electrostatic latent image based on a development bias to form an image on the photosensitive member, a reading unit configured to read a test image formed by the image forming unit, and a controller configured to: control the image forming unit to form the test image; control the reading unit to read the test image.

An image forming apparatus includes a developing cartridge, a drum cartridge, a casing, a connector, and a controller. The drum cartridge includes a photosensitive drum, a drum cartridge memory, a charger, and a cleaner. The charger is configured to charge the photosensitive drum and including a wire and a grid electrode. The cleaner is configured to clean the wire. The connector is configured to be electrically connected to the drum cartridge memory. Information is writable to the drum memory through the connector. The detection circuit board is configured to detect a state of discharge of the charger. The controller is configured to perform: determining whether or not the state of discharge detected by the detection circuit board is abnormal; and writing, in the drum cartridge memory, information representing occurrence of the abnormal discharge through the connector in a case where occurrence of the abnormal discharge is determined.

An image forming device including an image carrier, a charge device, a developer device, power supply circuitry that applies a charge bias and a developer bias to the charge device and the developer device, respectively, a detector, and a hardware processor that operates as: a control unit that changes a fogging margin, which is a difference between charge bias and developer bias, and controls the power supply circuitry to set the charge bias and developer bias accordingly; a calculation unit that calculates amounts of change between detected values; and a determination unit that obtains differences between amounts of change, determines whether each difference is less than a defined value, and determines a position of a boundary between a first range greater than or equal to the defined value and a second range less than the defined value as a fogging margin to be used in forming a print image.

Provided is an image forming apparatus, including: an image bearing member; an exposure unit; a developing member which is rotatable at a rotation speed different from the image bearing member; a developer supply member; a developing voltage-applying unit; a supply voltage-applying unit; and a control unit. The control unit controls execution of: an image forming operation in which a developer image is formed by supplying developer on the image bearing member; and a cleaning operation which removes a substance adhered to the image bearing member using the developing member. In the cleaning operation, the control unit controls the developing voltage-applying unit or the supply voltage-applying unit so that the cleaning force using the developing member becomes stronger than that in the image forming operation.

An image forming apparatus includes an image carrier, a charger, a developing member, a motor, a drive controller, and an application controller. The image carrier is rotatably provided. The charger charges the image carrier to a predetermined first polarity by receiving application of a voltage of the first polarity. The developing member develops an electrostatic latent image formed on the image carrier using the toner charged to the first polarity. The motor rotates the image carrier. The drive controller executes stop control for stopping driving of the motor. The application controller stops voltage application to the charger based on a current flowing through the motor after execution of the stop control.

An image forming apparatus includes first, second, and third acquisition processing portions. The first acquisition processing portion acquires the potential value of a charged area, charged by the charging member, on the image-carrying member. The second acquisition processing portion acquires a state value regarding the state of a surface layer of the image-carrying member based on the potential value of the charged area acquired by the first acquisition processing portion and the current value of a charging current flowing through the charging member during formation of the charged area. The third acquisition processing portion acquires the electrical resistance value of the transfer member based on the state value acquired by the second acquisition processing portion, the voltage value of a transfer voltage applied to the transfer member, and the current value of a transfer current flowing through the charged area in response to application of the transfer voltage.

Provided is an image forming apparatus, including: an image bearing member; an exposure unit; a developing member which is rotatable at a rotation speed different from the image bearing member; a developer supply member; a developing voltage-applying unit; a supply voltage-applying unit; and a control unit. The control unit controls execution of: an image forming operation in which a developer image is formed by supplying developer on the image bearing member; and a cleaning operation which removes a substance adhered to the image bearing member using the developing member. In the cleaning operation, the control unit controls the developing voltage-applying unit or the supply voltage-applying unit so that the cleaning force using the developing member becomes stronger than that in the image forming operation.

A region of an image bearing member that comes into contact with a recording material at a nip in a state in which the recording material is held by the nip is a first region, and a region of the image bearing member that does not come into contact with the recording material at the nip in a state in which the recording material is not held by the nip is a second region. A controller controls to apply a first developing voltage to a developer bearing member when the first region in which a first surface potential has been formed faces a developer bearing member and apply a second developing voltage lower than an absolute value of the first developing voltage to the developer bearing member when the second region in which a second surface potential has been formed faces the developer bearing member.

The image forming apparatus includes a photoreceptor, a charger that charges a surface of the photoreceptor, an exposer that irradiates the charged surface of the photoreceptor with light to form an electrostatic latent image, a developer that develops the electrostatic latent image to form a toner image, a transferer that transfers the toner image onto a recording medium, a cleaner that removes residual toner on the surface of the photoreceptor, and an inductor. The photoreceptor includes a conductive substrate and a photoreceptive layer provided on the conductive substrate. The conductive substrate is connected to a ground via the inductor.

An image forming apparatus includes a photosensitive member, a charging member, a developing member, a first contacting member contacting to the developing member, and first to third power sources. The first power source generates a first voltage lower and supply to the charging member. The second power source generates a second voltage lower than the first voltage from the first voltage and applies to the first contacting member. The third power source generates a third voltage lower than the second voltage from the second voltage and applies to the developing member.