A cleaning device includes a rotating brush that supplies lubricant to a surface of an image carrying member on which an end toner image is formed at a first axial end, a cleaning member provided on a downstream side of the rotating brush in a direction of rotation of the image carrying member and that cleans the image carrying member by scraping toner from the surface of the image carrying member, a storing portion that stores the toner scraped by the cleaning member, a transporting member that transports the toner in the storing portion from the first axial end of the image carrying member toward a second axial end of the image carrying member, and a moving member that moves the toner in the storing portion toward the rotating brush.

There is provided an image forming apparatus in which an image carrier and an elastic body may be in pressure contact with each other, and in which a toner remover may be in contact with the image carrier to remove toner remaining on the image carrier. The image forming apparatus may include: a first hardware processor that forms an image pattern in a region including at least a part of a pressure contact part of the image carrier that is in pressure contact with the elastic body when operation of the image carrier is stopped; a second hardware processor that acquires density of the image pattern formed on the image carrier; a third hardware processor that adjusts driving time of the image carrier based on the density of the image pattern; and a fourth hardware processor that drives the image carrier for the driving time.

A cleaning device includes a conveyance member, an agitation member, and an accommodation unit. The conveyance member extends in a width direction of an image bearing member orthogonal to a moving direction of the image bearing member, and conveys toner in the width direction by rotation. The accommodation unit includes a wall portion located inside a rotation orbit of an outermost peripheral portion of the agitation member, downstream of the collection member and upstream of the conveyance member in a rotation direction of the agitation member when viewed in a rotation axis direction of the conveyance member.

An electrophotographic photoreceptor includes: a conductive base body and a photosensitive layer, in which an outermost surface layer of the electrophotographic photoreceptor contains fluorine-containing resin particles, and in which a fluorine atom concentration at a surface of the outermost surface layer is 1.5 to 5.0 times a fluorine atom concentration at a depth of 1 μm from the surface of the outermost surface layer, or in which a number density ratio of aggregates of the fluorine-containing resin particles in a second region defined in this specification, to aggregates of he fluorine-containing resin particles in a first region defined in this specification is less than 0.95, and a ratio of an area ratio of the fluorine-containing resin particles in the second region, to an area ratio of the flourine-containing resin particles in the first region is within a range of 1±0.1.

Toner contains toner base particles and an organosilicon polymer on the surface of the toner base particles, and silica particles are added to the toner as an external additive. The surface roughness Rz of an intermediate transfer belt, against which a blade abuts, in the width direction of the intermediate transfer belt perpendicular to the belt conveying direction is larger than the average particle diameter Ry of the organosilicon polymer and is smaller than the average particle diameter Rk of the silica particles.

A cartridge detachably mountable to a main assembly of an image forming apparatus includes a photosensitive drum; a discharging path for permitting movement of a developer removed from the drum, the discharging path including a developer discharge opening and a movable portion through which the developer is movable and which is movable between a retracted position in an upstream side with respect to a developer moving direction through the discharge opening and a advanced position in a downstream side with respect to the developer moving direction; and a sealing portion for closing the discharging path by contacting the movable portion at a position different from that of the discharge opening.

A cleaning device is provided with: a cleaning component that cleans waste toner from an image holder, the image holder holding, on a surface thereof, a toner image formed by an image forming component and moving in a circulating manner; and a waste toner conveying component that conveys the waste toner toward a waste toner storage unit. The cleaning device has a receiving opening through which waste powder recovered from the image forming component is received, and the waste powder received through the receiving opening is conveyed to the waste toner storage unit by being passed through inside the cleaning device.

According to one embodiment, an image forming apparatus includes an image carrier, a cleaning member, a determination unit, and a control unit. The image carrier carries a developer image. The cleaning member removes a developer adhering to a surface of the image carrier by a frictional force when the image carrier is rotated in a first direction. The determination unit determines an image forming amount in a plurality of continuous image forming jobs. The control unit rotates the image carrier in the first direction during the image forming period and in a second direction opposite to the first direction at reverse rotation timing, and changes a condition for rotation in the second direction according to the determination result.

A cleaning device may include a cleaning blade that is in contact with an image carrier for cleaning, an applicating roller that is in contact with the image carrier at a position upstream compared to the cleaning blade, and a plate-like member that is in contact with the applicating roller. The plate-like member may be in contact with the applicating roller at a contact part which is not an edge of the plate-like member and may be arranged such that a space for reserving the toner is formed on an upper side of the contact part. An angle between a tangent line that passes the upper end of the plate-like member and touches the applicating roller on an upper side and a horizontal line that passes the upper end of the plate-like member may be larger than an angle of rupture of the toner reserved in the space.

A lubricant application device for an image forming apparatus includes a grinding roller that is rotatable to scrape off a lubricant from a solid lubricant source, and a scattering member to scatter the lubricant from the grinding roller toward a separate rotating member.