Presented is an image forming apparatus that includes a plurality of photoconductors, a sensor, a first memory, and a processor. The photoconductors include first and second photoconductors on which a toner image is formed in response to an image being formed. The sensor detects a physical amount that changes in response to a deterioration state of the first photoconductor. The first memory collects and stores a history of the physical amount and usage status information relating to a usage status of the first photoconductor. The processor performs a prediction of a lifespan of the second photoconductor and determination of a failure of the second photoconductor based on the history of the physical amount and the usage status information of the first photoconductor, and usage status information relating to a usage status of the second photoconductor.

An image forming apparatus includes: an acquisition portion that acquires, based on a current value detected by a detection unit, a discharge start voltage value between a photosensitive body and a charging member, in a voltage value of a voltage applied to the charging member, the discharge start voltage value being acquired from at least one of a plurality of measurement regions set by dividing an image forming region of the photosensitive body, in which an electrostatic image is formed, into a plurality of regions in a longitudinal direction orthogonal to a recording material conveyance direction; and a control portion that performs unevenness suppression control to reduce unevenness, in the longitudinal direction, of density of a developer image transferred onto the recording material based on the discharge start voltage value.

An image forming apparatus includes an image forming unit having an image carrier, a charging device, and a development device, so as to perform image formation using toner, an exposure device, an image density sensor, a development voltage power supply, a control unit, and a layer thickness detection mechanism. The control unit can perform calibration, in which density of a reference image formed by the image forming unit is detected by the image density sensor, and the development voltage is adjusted based on a detection result, so as to adjust the density of the toner image. The layer thickness detection mechanism detects thickness of the photosensitive layer. Along with a decrease in the thickness of the photosensitive layer detected by the layer thickness detection mechanism, the control unit stepwisely decreases an upper limit value of the DC voltage from a reference value, when adjusting the development voltage in the calibration.