A method for forming a volume hologram film having security elements which are formed as a transfer section of the volume hologram film is described, wherein the volume hologram film has n volume hologram layers arranged one over another. The production of the volume hologram film is carried out in a roll-to-roll method with the following method steps: a) providing a carrier film from a supply roll; b) applying an i-th photopolymer layer to the carrier film; c) forming an i-th volume hologram in the photopolymer layer; d) forming an i-th volume hologram layer by curing the i-th photopolymer layer; e) repeating process steps b) to e) n1 times; f) applying an adhesive layer to the background layer; g) winding the volume hologram film onto a take-up roll.

Provided are: a light diffraction layer laminated sheet which enables easy production of a card that has a light analysis structure; and a card. A light diffraction layer laminated sheet material which forms a part of a laminated structure of a card by being laminated on top of a card base material. This light diffraction layer laminated sheet material is provided with: a transparent sheet layer; a hologram layer that has a contour smaller than the contour of the transparent sheet layer and is laminated on one surface, which is the upper surface, of the transparent sheet layer; and an HS layer that bonds the transparent sheet layer and the hologram layer with each other.

A method for manufacturing a security element includes forming a first layer from a transparent material, forming a first holographic surface structure on the first layer, metallizing the first layer to form a first metal layer, forming a second layer from a radiation-sensitive polymer, forming a second holographic surface structure on the second layer, metallizing the second layer to form the second metal layer, forming a pattern of a coating on the second metal layer in which the pattern includes regions covered by the coating and regions uncovered by the coating, removal of the metal in regions of the second metal layer which are uncovered by the coating through de-metallization, exposing the de-metallized regions of the second layer to light or radiation, and removal of the metal in regions of the first metal layer that are not covered by the second layer, through de-metallization.

A method and apparatus for in-line manufacture of a security document with a structured security element is provided in which a continuous web of document substrate is fed through a series of processing stations. The processing stations include a station for forming a structured security element in a radiation sensitive coating applied to the document substrate, and at least one station for applying at least one additional layer to the document substrate excluding the security element area. In a security document manufactured with the method or apparatus, the additional layer or layers have a combined thickness which is preferably substantially equal to the height of the structured security element or which differs from the height of the structured security element by a predetermined amount.

Systems, devices, and methods for holographic optical elements are described. A holographic optical element includes a first layer of holographic material and a second layer of holographic material. The first layer of holographic material includes a first hologram responsive to light in a first waveband and a second hologram responsive to light in a second waveband. The second layer of holographic material includes a third hologram responsive to light in a third waveband and may include a fourth hologram responsive to light in a fourth waveband. The first, second, third, and fourth wavebands are distinct and may comprise light of red, blue, green, and infrared wavelengths, respectively. Distribution of the three or four holograms on two layers of holographic material allows each hologram to have an index modulation of greater than 0.016, a diffraction efficiency of greater than 15%, and an angular bandwidth of greater than 12.

The invention relates to a sealed holographic medium comprising a layer construction containing a photopolymer layer and a sealing layer, to a process for producing the sealed holographic medium, to a kit of parts, to a layer construction for sealing and to the use thereof.

A laminated glass product, according to the present disclosure, includes a first glass substrate, a second glass substrate, a polymer interlayer laminated between the first glass substrate and the second glass substrate, a functional film, such as a head-up display film, a printed film, and a switchable film, laminated between the first glass substrate and the second glass substrate, and a thin adhesive layer formed on the functional film between the functional film and one of the first and second glass substrates, for efficiently laminating such a functional film with improved lamination quality.

A main object of the present disclosure is to provide a hologram structure having excellent forgery preventability and designability. The present disclosure achieves the object by providing a hologram structure comprising: a hologram layer including a reflection type hologram forming region carrying a recorded phase type Fourier transform hologram that transforms an incident light from a point light source into a desired optical image; and a vapor deposition layer formed so as to come into contact with a concavo-convex surface of the reflection type hologram forming region of the hologram layer, and a size of the reflection type hologram forming region in plan view is in a range of 5 mm square or more and 50 mm square or less.

The invention relates to a scaled holographic medium comprising a layer construction B-C1-C2, to a process for producing the sealed holographic medium, to a kit of parts, to a layer construction comprising a protective layer and a substrate layer and to the use thereof.

An apparatus and method for curing an electron-beam coating on a flexible substrate. A continuously looping master web is mated with the flexible substrate to cover the electron-beam coating when passing through an electron-beam curing unit. Curing of the electron-beam coating takes place in normal atmospheric conditions, thereby eliminating the need for nitrogen gas or the like in a curing chamber.