A photo-alignment material in which an alignment film can be formed parallel to a vibration direction of light and a tilt angle of the alignment film is easily controlled and a photo-alignment method using the photo-alignment material are provided. A photo-alignment material of the present invention contains a photo-responsive substance having a threshold value of responding light intensity.

A device for producing a subwavelength hologram. The device comprises a metasurface layer attached to a substrate. The metasurface layer includes an array of plasmonic antennas that simultaneously encode both wavelength and phase information of light directed through the array to produce a hologram. The wavelength is determined by the size of the antennas, and the phase is determined by the orientation of the antennas.

Disclosed are a holographic writing method and apparatus capable of re-writing (updating) holographic information and quickly writing the holographic information with high efficiency. In an embodiment, a holographic writing method for writing holographic information by emitting a beam at a holographic recording medium containing a photo-responsable polymer material having photoisomerization characteristics that change a molecular structure thereof by absorbing light energy, writes the holographic information by using a writing wavelength different from a maximum absorption wavelength in a light absorption spectrum of photoisomer molecule structures of the holographic recording medium. The maximum absorption wavelength is a wavelength at which light absorption rate is maximum in the light absorption spectrum. A difference between the light absorption rates of the photoisomer molecule structures at the writing wavelength is less than a difference between the light absorption rates of the photoisomer molecule structures at the maximum absorption wavelength.

A rotational geometric phase hologram has geometric phase optical elements (GPOEs) serially cascaded along a common optical axis to form a GPOE cascade used for receiving a linearly-polarized light beam and generating output light beams at an exit surface of the last GPOE. Interference occurred in the output light beams creates a polarization interference pattern on the exit surface. A photoalignment substrate, when positioned in close proximity to the exit surface, records the pattern. Advantageously, each GPOE is rotatable about the common optical axis. Respective rotation angles of the GPOEs are determined according to a spatially-varying linear polarization orientation distribution selected to be generated for the polarization interference pattern. Particularly, the respective rotation angles are reconfigurable to provide the periodicity required for the spatially-varying linear polarization orientation distribution over a range of allowed periodicities while keeping the periodicity of spatially-varying optic axis orientation distribution of each GPOE to be fixed.

The present invention relates to a method for generating at least one hologram, in particular for hologram-like presentation of game participants, comprising at least one hologram projection device for generating at least one hologram, as well as at least one storage medium on which at least one previously played football game and/or another playing field game is at least partially stored, and also at least one playback element which is in data communication with the storage medium and which supplies the hologram projection device with data to be projected. In this case the data comprise at least one data packet containing data of the previously played football game and/or the other playing field game, and these data comprising data of a location and/or a time and/or a physical condition of at least one game participant as a function of a playing time during a game are formed. Thus, these data can be reproduced by the hologram projection device, in particular in real time, in order to reproduce the football game and/or the playing field game by means of the hologram.

A main object of the present invention is to provide a method of producing a volume hologram laminate which can regenerate a hologram image in an arbitrary wavelength by a simple process. To attain the object, the present invention provides a method of producing a volume hologram laminate using a volume hologram forming substrate which comprises: a substrate, a volume hologram layer formed on the substrate and containing a photopolymerizable material, a resin layer, formed on the substrate so as to contact to the volume hologram layer, containing a resin and a polymerizable compound, characterized in that the producing method comprises processes of: a hologram recording process to record a volume hologram to the volume hologram layer, a substance transit process of transiting the polymerizable compound to the volume hologram layer, and an after-treatment process of polymerizing the polymerizable compound.

Systems and methods for copying a diversity of hologram prescriptions from a common master in accordance with various embodiments of the invention are illustrated. One embodiment includes a method of contact copying a hologram from a master. The method includes steps for providing a light source, a master grating encoding a first grating prescription, a substrate supporting a layer of holographic recording material, and a wavefront modifying component, forming a first wavefront from the light source, reflecting the first wavefront from the wavefront modifying component to provide a second wavefront, diffracting the second wavefront to provide diffracted light with a third wavefront and zero-order light with the second wavefront, interfering the third wavefront and the zero-order light at a contact image plane, and forming a hologram having a second grating prescription different from the first grating prescription.

Embodiments of this application provide example holographic recording media, holographic polymer materials, methods for preparing holographic polymer materials, and display devices. An example holographic recording medium includes a first-order crosslinked network, a photoinitiator, and a second-order monomer. The first-order crosslinked network provides a mechanical support for the holographic recording medium. The second-order monomer includes a monomer with a free radical reactivity. The photoinitiator is used to initiate polymerization of the second-order monomer. The holographic recording medium includes at least one of an ester group (I), a urethane group (II), a carbamido group (III), an allophanate group (IV), or an amide group (V). Groups linked to the ester group (I), the urethane group (II), the carbamido group (III), the allophanate group (IV), and the amide group (V) are separately selected from at least one of the following: alkyl, alkoxy, alkenyl, or aryl.

A volume Bragg grating (VBG) containing one or more controlled phase profiles holographically embedded therein that is operable over a broad wavelength range, methods for making such controlled phase profile-embedded VBGs, and applications thereof.

The invention relates to a method of creation of three-dimensional alignment patterns that includes providing a layer of optically recordable and polarization sensitive material having a thickness that is greater than, or equal to, a predefined thickness, and concurrently illuminating the optically recordable medium with two coherent beam of same or different polarization with predetermined angle between the beams such that the said beams impinge from the same side or from the opposite sides upon the layer of the recordable material. The invention further relates to polarization volume holograms based on the said alignment patterns and polarization holographic element including a single layer or a stack of several layers of optically recordable materials containing single or multiple polarization volume holograms.