An information processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present technology includes: a calculation unit; and an amplitude replacement unit. The calculation unit repeatedly executes first light propagation calculation for propagating, from a sensor surface of an image sensor to a support surface that supports a cell to be observed, a first complex amplitude distribution that includes a light intensity distribution of a hologram of the cell obtained on the sensor surface, and second light propagation calculation for propagating, from the support surface to the sensor surface, a second complex amplitude distribution obtained as a result of the first light propagation calculation. The amplitude replacement unit replaces, in the second light propagation calculation, an amplitude component of the second complex amplitude distribution with a predetermined representative amplitude value at least once.

An electrical element is fabricated including an optically-detectable pattern of embedded information. An initial physical design is received for an electrical element that performs an electrical function, together with a pattern of information to be embedded in the electrical element. An encoding region is designated within the initial physical design of the electrical element. Information-encoding patterns are determined for one or more thin-film layers in the encoding region to form an optical layer structure that encodes the pattern of information. The initial physical design and the information-encoding patterns are combined into a modified physical design which is used to fabricate the electrical element. The fabricated electrical element performs the electrical function and forms an optically-detectable interference image including the embedded pattern of information when illuminated by incident light.

An electrical element is fabricated including an optically-detectable pattern of embedded information. An initial physical design is received for an electrical element that performs an electrical function, together with a pattern of information to be embedded in the electrical element. An encoding region is designated within the initial physical design of the electrical element. Information-encoding patterns are determined for one or more thin-film layers in the encoding region to form an optical layer structure that encodes the pattern of information. The initial physical design and the information-encoding patterns are combined into a modified physical design which is used to fabricate the electrical element. The fabricated electrical element performs the electrical function and forms an optically-detectable interference image including the embedded pattern of information when illuminated by incident light.

Various embodiments are generally directed to techniques for processing holographic recording media. Some embodiments are particularly directed to processing a raw holographic recording medium into an apodized holographic recording medium. For example, a raw holographic recording medium may include a plurality of photosensitive molecules uniformly distributed throughout that are able to record an interference pattern to create a hologram. However, when a photosensitive molecule is desensitized, such as by exposure to incoherent light, its photosensitivity is lost and the molecule may no longer be able to record an interference pattern of coherent light. Various embodiments described herein may include an apodized holographic recording medium that has been exposed to incoherent light in a manner to desensitize some photosensitive molecules therein such that the remaining photosensitive molecules have a non-uniform distribution.

A method for decreasing scatter or crosstalk in holographic elements recorded in self-developing media, comprising exposing a photopolymer recording media to a holographic pattern at a first temperature of said photopolymer recording media, wherein monomer diffusion is substantially reduced at said first temperature, and warming said photopolymer recording media to a second temperature wherein monomer diffusion is enabled.

A main object of the present invention is to provide a method of producing a volume hologram laminate which can regenerate a hologram image in an arbitrary wavelength by a simple process. To attain the object, the present invention provides a method of producing a volume hologram laminate using a volume hologram forming substrate which comprises: a substrate, a volume hologram layer formed on the substrate and containing a photopolymerizable material, a resin layer, formed on the substrate so as to contact to the volume hologram layer, containing a resin and a polymerizable compound, characterized in that the producing method comprises processes of: a hologram recording process to record a volume hologram to the volume hologram layer, a substance transit process of transiting the polymerizable compound to the volume hologram layer, and an after-treatment process of polymerizing the polymerizable compound.

A main object of the present invention is to provide a method of producing a volume hologram laminate which can regenerate a hologram image in an arbitrary wavelength by a simple process. To attain the object, the present invention provides a method of producing a volume hologram laminate using a volume hologram forming substrate which comprises: a substrate, a volume hologram layer formed on the substrate and containing a photopolymerizable material, a resin layer, formed on the substrate so as to contact to the volume hologram layer, containing a resin and a polymerizable compound, characterized in that the producing method comprises processes of: a hologram recording process to record a volume hologram to the volume hologram layer, a substance transit process of transiting the polymerizable compound to the volume hologram layer, and an after-treatment process of polymerizing the polymerizable compound.

The present application provides a replicating method and a replicating device of a transmission type holographic optical element capable of mass-replicating the transmission type holographic optical element by a continuous and economical process.

The invention relates to a method of creation of three-dimensional alignment patterns that includes providing a layer of optically recordable and polarization sensitive material having a thickness that is greater than, or equal to, a predefined thickness, and concurrently illuminating the optically recordable medium with two coherent beam of same or different polarization with predetermined angle between the beams such that the said beams impinge from the same side or from the opposite sides upon the layer of the recordable material. The invention further relates to polarization volume holograms based on the said alignment patterns and polarization holographic element including a single layer or a stack of several layers of optically recordable materials containing single or multiple polarization volume holograms.

The invention relates to a method of creation of three-dimensional alignment patterns that includes providing a layer of optically recordable and polarization sensitive material having a thickness that is greater than, or equal to, a predefined thickness, and concurrently illuminating the optically recordable medium with two coherent beam of same or different polarization with predetermined angle between the beams such that the said beams impinge from the same side or from the opposite sides upon the layer of the recordable material. The invention further relates to polarization volume holograms based on the said alignment patterns and polarization holographic element including a single layer or a stack of several layers of optically recordable materials containing single or multiple polarization volume holograms.