Methods, apparatus, devices, and systems for reconstructing three-dimensional objects with display zero order light suppression are provided. In one aspect, a method includes illuminating a display with light, a portion of the light illuminating display elements of the display, and modulating the display elements of the display with a hologram corresponding to holographic data to diffract the portion of the light to form a holographic scene corresponding to the holographic data, and to suppress display zero order light in the holographic scene. The display zero order light can include reflected light from the display.

Methods, apparatus, devices, and systems for displaying three-dimensional objects by individually diffracting different colors of light are provided. In one aspect, a system includes a display having a plurality of display elements and an optical device including at least two beam expanders configured to expand an input light beam in at least two dimensions to generate an output light beam to the display by diffracting the input light beam to adjust a beam size of the input light beam in the at least two dimensions, the input light beam including a plurality of different colors of light.

Methods, apparatus, devices, and systems for reconstructing three-dimensional objects with display zero order light suppression are provided. In one aspect, a method includes illuminating a display with light at an incident angle, a portion of the light illuminating display elements of the display, modulating the display elements of the display with a hologram corresponding to holographic data to diffract the portion of the light to form a holographic scene corresponding to the holographic data, and redirecting display zero order light away from the holographic scene to suppress the display zero order light in the holographic scene. The display zero order light includes reflected light from the display.

Methods, apparatus, devices, and systems for reconstructing three-dimensional objects with display zero order light suppression are provided. In one aspect, a method includes illuminating a display with light at an incident angle, a portion of the light illuminating display elements of the display, modulating the display elements of the display with a hologram corresponding to holographic data to diffract the portion of the light to form a holographic scene corresponding to the holographic data, and redirecting display zero order light away from the holographic scene to suppress the display zero order light in the holographic scene. The display zero order light includes reflected light from the display. The light includes a plurality of different colors of light.

Methods, apparatus, devices, and systems for reconstructing three-dimensional objects with display zero order light suppression are provided. In one aspect, a method includes illuminating a display with light, a portion of the light illuminating display elements of the display, and modulating the display elements of the display with a hologram corresponding to holographic data to diffract the portion of the light to form a holographic scene corresponding to the holographic data, and to suppress display zero order light in the holographic scene. The display zero order light can include reflected light from the display.

Methods, apparatus, devices, and systems for displaying three-dimensional objects by individually diffracting different colors of light are provided. In one aspect, an optical device includes: a first optically diffractive component including a first diffractive structure configured to diffract a first color of light having a first incident angle at a first diffracted angle, a second optically diffractive component including a second diffractive structure configured to diffract a second color of light having a second incident angle at a second diffracted angle, a first reflective layer configured to totally reflect the first color of light having the first incident angle and transmit the second color of light, and a second reflective layer configured to totally reflect the second color of light having the second incident angle. The first reflective layer is between the first and second diffractive structures, and the second diffractive structure is between the first and second reflective layers.

Methods, apparatus, devices, and systems for displaying three-dimensional objects by individually diffracting different colors of light are provided. In one aspect, a system includes a display having a plurality of display elements and an optical device configured to diffract a plurality of different colors of light to the display. The optical device is configured such that, when the plurality of different colors of light is incident on the optical device, the optical device separates light of individual colors of the different colors while suppressing crosstalk between the different colors.

A deflection optical element, which diffracts incident light, includes a substrate having translucency, and a holographic material layer disposed so as to overlap the substrate, the holographic material layer being formed with a diffraction grating composed of interference fringes, wherein the holographic material layer is formed with an alignment mark where the interference fringes are discontinuous, and the alignment mark is located in an optically effective area where the holographic material layer diffracts the incident light.

An optical device includes a first backlight configured to output first light of a first wavelength through a first output coupler, a first lens disposed to face the first output coupler and having a focal length with respect to the first light, a second backlight including a second output coupler, the second backlight being configured to output second light of a second wavelength through the second output coupler, a second lens disposed to face the second output coupler and having different focal lengths with respect to the first light and the second light, a third backlight including a third output coupler, the third backlight being configured to output third light of a third wavelength through the third output coupler, and a third lens disposed to face the third output coupler and having different focal lengths with respect to the first light, the second light, and the third light.

A holographic display apparatus capable of providing an expanded viewing window and a display method are provided. The holographic display apparatus includes an image processor configured to provide computer generated hologram (CGH) data to a spatial light modulator, wherein the image processor is further configured to generate a hologram data array comprising information of the holographic image to be reproduced at the first resolution or a resolution less than the first resolution, perform an off-axis phase computation on the hologram data array at the second resolution, and then, generate the CHG data at the first resolution.