The imaging apparatus includes an optical system dividing light into object and reference beams and causing the object beam and the reference beam to interfere with each other to form interference fringes on an image sensor. A processor performs multiple imaging processes for the interference fringes with different incident angles of the object beam to an object, a first process to acquire a transmitted wavefront for each incident angle and a second process to calculate a three-dimensional refractive index distribution from the transmitted wavefronts. The apparatus includes a modulator changing a phase distribution of light in any one of an optical path from a light source to a dividing element, a reference beam path and an optical path from a combining element to the image sensor and causes the modulator to change the phase distribution in at least one of the multiple imaging processes.

The present method includes a data acquisition process and tomographic image generation processes. In the data acquisition process, holograms of an object light and so forth are acquired for each light with a wavelength by changing the wavelengths of the illumination light, off-axis spherical wave reference light, and inline spherical wave reference light. In the tomographic image generation process, a reconstructed light wave of the object light and a reconstructed light wave of the illumination light on a reconstruction surface are generated from these holograms. A reconstruction light wave with adjusted phase is added up for each wavelength to generate a tomographic hologram. From this, an accurate and focused tomographic image without distortion can be generated.

Briefly stated, technologies are generally described for displaying a holographic image on a mobile device with a reference beam provided from a light source station. Example devices/systems described herein may use one or more of a mobile device and/or one or more light source stations. In various examples, the mobile device may include a holographic image display unit configured to receive a reference beam and display the holographic image responsive to the reference beam. The light source station may be configured to track a location of the holographic image display unit and provide a reference beam towards the holographic image display unit. The light source station may be further configured to exchange a control signal with the mobile device such that the holographic image display unit is operable to display the holographic image based on the control signal.

The present disclosure discloses a hologram recording device and a hologram recording method. The hologram recording device comprises an object imaging unit comprising a cavity for accommodating an object whose interior wall is a reflective surface, and a light modulating unit configured to produce incident light and reference light interfering with the incident light and to direct the incident light to the object imaging unit. The cavity is provided with an imaging aperture for imaging of the object and at least one light incidence aperture for allowing the incident light to enter the cavity and irradiate on the object, such that an image of the object is formed at a location corresponding to the imaging aperture outside the cavity, and image light produced upon the imaging of the object interferes with the reference light at the location for recording of an image surface hologram.

An optical measurement system includes a first light source that generates near infrared rays, a silicon-based image sensor, and an optical system including a beam splitter that divides light from the first light source into first light and second light. The optical system records with the image sensor, a first hologram resulting from modulation with second light, of light obtained by illumination of a sample with the first light, the second light being diverging light.

Apparatuses and methods for investigating the inside of a tissue cell are disclosed. Embodiments include diffusely scattering light off a target sample, producing two crossing beams from the scattered light, and using a camera to create an image from the light. Some embodiments utilize a Fourier lens and a Fresnel biprism, and optionally include a long-coherence light source, a delay plate (which can be a polarization rotator or an optical flat), and/or a beam expander. Still further embodiments utilize a diffraction grating, a spatial filter (which may include two differently sized apertures), and a Fourier lens, and optionally include differently sized apertures in the spatial filter. Some embodiments include a transparent support and illuminating the target at an oblique angle through the transparent support. Still further embodiments utilize a low-coherence light source and/or immobilizing the sample tissue using surface bonding chemistry.

A method and systems for simultaneous recording of superimposed holographic gratings for augmented reality devices are provided. The method includes: generating a beam by a single light source, directing the beam to a decoherence unit at a predetermined angle, forming at least two recording beams by the decoherence unit by splitting the beam, forming at least two recording channels in the decoherence unit to transmit the at least two recording beams and output them from the decoherence unit, output angles of each of the at least two recording beams being different, illuminating a recording material layer and one master diffractive optical element/master holographic optical element (master DOE/HOE) comprising at least one preliminary formed diffraction/holographic grating by the at least two non-interfering recording beams, simultaneously forming at least two superimposed holographic gratings from the master DOE/HOE on or in the recording material layer.