A dielectric based metasurface hologram device includes: a substrate layer provided at a lowermost portion of the dielectric based metasurface hologram device; and a dielectric layer forming a geometric metasurface on the substrate layer. The substrate layer includes a plurality of unit cells which are continuous, and the dielectric layer includes a plurality of nano-structures which are disposed with a predetermined distance therebetween. The single nano-structure is disposed on the unit cell, and a hologram image is formed when an incident light from a light source is reflected by the nano-structure so that a phase of the light is controlled.

A security device has a support substrate of a first material having a softening temperature t1 and an embossed layer of a second different material supported by the support substrate having a softening temperature t2, wherein t2<t1. A thin film coating deposited directly upon the embossed layer, wherein the embossed layer is capable of being dissolved in a dissolving agent and wherein the thin film coating is not dissolvable by said dissolving agent. There is not need for an additional release layer as the second different material is dissolvable and allows flakes to be formed by dissolving the second layer.

An optical device is formed by hot stamping a demetallized hologram to an optically variable foil or to a coating of optically variable ink. In another embodiment a hologram is hot stamped to a banknote or document printed with a color-shifting ink.