A system for regulating a temperature of a measurement array is disclosed. The system includes a measurement array including a plurality of sensors, wherein the plurality of sensors are integrated onto an integrated circuit die. The system includes a thermal sensor integrated onto the integrated circuit die, wherein the thermal sensor senses a temperature associated with the plurality of sensors. The system further includes a heat pump coupled to the integrated circuit die, wherein the heat pump is controlled by a feedback control circuit including the thermal sensor.

In accordance with an embodiment, an energy storage system includes energy storage container that a temperature control system, a battery cluster, and a controller. The controller determines a specified temperature of the temperature control system corresponding to a maximum difference between an available capacity of the battery cluster and a power consumption of the temperature control system as a target temperature. The determination of the specified temperature is based on: a correspondence between the available capacity of the battery cluster and a plurality of different specified temperatures in a specified temperature set of the temperature control system, and a correspondence between the power consumption of the temperature control system and the plurality of different specified temperatures in the specified temperature set of the temperature control system. The temperature control system is configured to adjust a temperature inside the energy storage container to the target temperature.

In accordance with an embodiment, an energy storage system includes energy storage container that a temperature control system, a battery cluster, and a controller. The controller determines a specified temperature of the temperature control system corresponding to a maximum difference between an available capacity of the battery cluster and a power consumption of the temperature control system as a target temperature. The determination of the specified temperature is based on: a correspondence between the available capacity of the battery cluster and a plurality of different specified temperatures in a specified temperature set of the temperature control system, and a correspondence between the power consumption of the temperature control system and the plurality of different specified temperatures in the specified temperature set of the temperature control system. The temperature control system is configured to adjust a temperature inside the energy storage container to the target temperature.

A display panel and a temperature regulation method for a display panel are provided. The display includes a substrate, a thin film transistor layer, a first passivation layer, a photoelectric detector, a first light-shielding layer, and a second light-shielding layer. The first light-shielding layer is disposed on one side of the photoelectric detector away from the substrate. The second light-shielding layer is disposed on the lateral of the photoelectric detector.

A system for ice removal and prevention of ice accumulation on semi-trailers and intermodal shipping container chassis systems includes a power supply, a semi-trailer having at least one surface; a plurality of heating elements mounted and spaced apart at regular intervals from one another on at least one surface of the semi-trailer, at least one temperature sensor, a temperature controller having at least one processor and memory having computer executable instructions which cause the system to allow a user to program a desired temperature of a surface of a semi-trailer; sense a temperature of a surface of the semi-trailer; heat the semi-trailer surface with the plurality of heating elements; and maintain a desired temperature of the a surface of the semi-trailer. The system may further include a plurality of heating elements attached to the frames of twist-locks for intermodal chassis systems.

A system for ice removal and prevention of ice accumulation on semi-trailers and intermodal shipping container chassis systems includes a power supply, a semi-trailer having at least one surface; a plurality of heating elements mounted and spaced apart at regular intervals from one another on at least one surface of the semi-trailer, at least one temperature sensor, a temperature controller having at least one processor and memory having computer executable instructions which cause the system to allow a user to program a desired temperature of a surface of a semi-trailer; sense a temperature of a surface of the semi-trailer; heat the semi-trailer surface with the plurality of heating elements; and maintain a desired temperature of the a surface of the semi-trailer. The system may further include a plurality of heating elements attached to the frames of twist-locks for intermodal chassis systems.

A heating circuit for an energy storage device having internal surface capacitance between inputs storing electric field energy between internal electrodes that are coupled to the inputs, with one of the internal electrodes coupled to one of the inputs having characteristics of a series coupled resistor and inductor to a voltage source. The heating circuit including: a power source couplable to one input, wherein the power source provides positive and negative input currents at the input, the positive input current flows into one of the inputs and the negative input current flows out of one of the inputs; and a controller for controlling the power source to provide alternating current between the positive and the negative input currents at one of the inputs at a frequency sufficient to effectively short the internal surface capacitance of the energy storage device to generate heat and raise a temperature of the electrolyte.

A heating circuit for an energy storage device having internal surface capacitance between inputs storing electric field energy between internal electrodes that are coupled to the inputs, with one of the internal electrodes coupled to one of the inputs having characteristics of a series coupled resistor and inductor to a voltage source. The heating circuit including: a power source couplable to one input, wherein the power source provides positive and negative input currents at the input, the positive input current flows into one of the inputs and the negative input current flows out of one of the inputs; and a controller for controlling the power source to provide alternating current between the positive and the negative input currents at one of the inputs at a frequency sufficient to effectively short the internal surface capacitance of the energy storage device to generate heat and raise a temperature of the electrolyte.

The present disclosure describes systems, methods, and an apparatus for controlling fluid viscosity within a personal vaporizer such as an electronic cigarette, a vape pen, vape kits, e-cig, or e-hookah, electronic nicotine delivery system. The apparatus can include a cartridge for a personal vaporizer that has a reservoir for containing fluid to be vaporized, a first heater configured to vaporize the fluid, the first heater located in an atomization chamber, a wick configured to deliver the fluid from the first heater, a second heater configured to warm the fluid in the reservoir without vaporizing the fluid, and a set of contacts configured to receive power and deliver the power to the first heater and the second heater.

The present disclosure describes systems, methods, and an apparatus for controlling fluid viscosity within a personal vaporizer such as an electronic cigarette, a vape pen, vape kits, e-cig, or e-hookah, electronic nicotine delivery system. The apparatus can include a cartridge for a personal vaporizer that has a reservoir for containing fluid to be vaporized, a first heater configured to vaporize the fluid, the first heater located in an atomization chamber, a wick configured to deliver the fluid from the first heater, a second heater configured to warm the fluid in the reservoir without vaporizing the fluid, and a set of contacts configured to receive power and deliver the power to the first heater and the second heater.