Efficient and effective testing systems and methods are presented. In one embodiment, a system includes: a user interface configured to enable user interaction with the system; a test board configured to communicatively couple with a plurality of devices under test (DUTs), wherein the DUTs are compute express link (CXL) protocol compliant; and a tester configured to direct testing of the plurality of DUTs, wherein the tester is configured to enable hot add of one of the plurality of DUTs without interfering with testing of the other DUTS. In one exemplary implementation, the DUTs are memory devices and the DUTs can operate as extended memory. The user interface can be utilized to indicate a pause to remove a DUT and to indicate a DUT has been added and to trigger a re-start. The added one of the plurality of DUTs can be automatically recognized by a host in a way that is transparent to users. The tester automatically directs the hot add in response to a user trigger. In one embodiment, basic input/output system (BIOS) operations direct detection of characteristics associated with the added one of the plurality of DUTs.

Efficient and effective testing systems and methods are presented. In one embodiment, a test system includes: a user interface configured to enable user interaction with the system; a test board configured to communicatively couple with a plurality of devices under test (DUTs), wherein the DUTs are compute express link (CXL) protocol compliant; and a tester configured to direct testing of the plurality of DUTs, wherein the tester includes a direct access device (DAX) interface that prevents corruption of DUTs. In one exemplary implementation, the tester isolates testing of a particular CXL enabled DUT from undesirable interference and corruption. The tester can prevent inappropriate writing over the DUT's memory. The DUTs reside in the separate per-device space of a Linux operating system rather than an extension of memory space. One of the plurality of DUTs can be a CXL type 3 memory expander device. In one exemplary implementation, the direct access device (DAX) interface creates a unique DAX instance for each individual DUT included in the plurality of DUTs

Approaches, techniques, and mechanisms are disclosed for a test adapter designed to improve testability of non-volatile dual in-line memory modules (NVDIMM) on automatic test equipment (ATE) testers or in-system boards, which have inadequate power supplies. An NVDIMM includes both volatile memories and non-volatile memories. A test adapter is designed to supply increased power to an NVDIMM. A test adapter is implemented using an interposer or a printed circuit board (PCB) that may be inserted into a socket on an ATE tester or on an end-user system-level board. The interposer or PCB includes a power socket for attaching a power cable to supply the external power supply to the NVDIMM. A power on/off sequence is controlled by an ATE tester to simulate or test a system power on/off sequence. An external input power is always on, but both serial and backup power signals are only on during tests of an NVDIMM.

A circuit and method provide efficient stress testing of address translations in an integrated circuit such as a link processing unit. A random DMA mode (RDM) circuit provides a random input to index into a translation validation table (TVT) that is used to generate the real memory address. The RDM circuit allows testing all entries of the TVT, and thus all DMA modes, regardless of what bus agents are connected to the link processing unit. The RDM circuit may use a multiplexer to select between a runtime input and a random test input provided by the random bit generator. When the link processing unit is in a test mode a mode selection bit is asserted to select the random test input.

Negative path testing in a bootloader environment can include backing up a global state of a component under test, injecting a fault to trigger an error in the component under test in a bootloader environment, executing error handling instructions until a checkpoint of the component under test in the bootloader environment is reached, restoring the global state to the component under test from the backup, and restarting the component under test.

Systems are provided for logging transactions in heterogeneous networks that include a combination of one or more instrumented components and one or more non-instrumented components. The instrumented components are configured to generate impersonated log records for the non-instrumented components involved in the transaction processing hand-offs with the instrumented components. The impersonated log records are persisted with other log records that are generated by the instrumented components in a transaction log that is maintained by a central logging system to reflect a complete flow of the transaction processing performed on the object, including the flow through the non-instrumented component(s).

A circuit and method provide efficient stress testing of address translations in an integrated circuit such as a link processing unit. A random DMA mode (RDM) circuit provides a random input to index into a translation validation table (TVT) that is used to generate the real memory address. The RDM circuit allows testing all entries of the TVT, and thus all DMA modes, regardless of what bus agents are connected to the link processing unit. The RDM circuit may use a multiplexer to select between a runtime input and a random test input provided by the random bit generator. When the link processing unit is in a test mode a mode selection bit is asserted to select the random test input.

A method for testing a system-on-a-chip (SoC) is described. The method includes parsing a file to determine functions to be performed by components of the SoC. The method further includes receiving a desired output of the SoC and generating a test scenario model based on the desired output of the SoC. The test scenario model includes a plurality of module representations of the functions and includes one or more connections between two of the module representations. The desired output acts as a performance constraint for the test scenario model. The test scenario model further includes an input of the SoC that is generated based on the desired output, the module representations, and the one or more connections. The test scenario model includes a path from the input via the module representations and the connections to the desired output.

A method for testing a system-on-a-chip (SoC) is described. The method includes parsing a file to determine functions to be performed components of the SoC. The method further includes receiving a desired output of the SoC and generating a test scenario model based on the desired output of the SoC. The test scenario model includes a plurality of module representations of the functions and includes one or more connections between two of the module representations. The desired output acts as a performance constraint for the test scenario model. The test scenario model further includes an input of the SoC that is generated based on the desired output, the module representations, and the one or more connections. The test scenario model includes a path from the input via the module representations and the connections to the desired output.

A method for estimating the remaining life of a solid state drive (SSD) device includes generating a sensing value by periodically measuring an environmental variable, generating a load value associated with the SSD device based on the sensing value and a distance between the sensor and the SSD device, calculating stress applied to the SSD device based on the load value, calculating damage of the SSD device based on a stress-life curve and the stress, and determining the remaining life of the SSD device based on a difference between a threshold value and the damage. The stress-life curve may represent a relationship between the stress and life of the SSD device.