A self-encrypting drive (SED) comprises an SED controller and a nonvolatile storage medium (NVSM) responsive to the SED controller. The SED controller enables the SED to perform operations comprising: (a) receiving an encrypted media encryption key (eMEK) for a client; (b) decrypting the eMEK into an unencrypted media encryption key (MEK); (c) receiving a write request from the client, wherein the write request includes data to be stored and a key tag value associated with the MEK; (d) using the key tag value to select the MEK for the write request; (e) using the MEK for the write request to encrypt the data from the client; and (f) storing the encrypted data in a region of the NVSM allocated to the client. Other embodiments are described and claimed.

Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a memory system, a memory controller, and an operation method thereof, in which a data storage space of a memory device is divided into N namespaces, and in which each namespace is controlled so as to share a super memory block with other namespaces or to occupy the same exclusively, thereby minimizing an increase in the time taken to format each of a plurality of namespaces while efficiently storing data in a plurality of namespaces.

Memory system features may promote cache coherency where first and second memory clients may attempt to work on the same data. A second client cache system may provide a read request for data and associated metadata. The metadata element may be detected in a first client cache system. The first client cache system may write or flush, such as to a system memory, one or more cache lines containing the metadata and associated data and invalidate the flushed cache lines. The second client cache system may receive the data and metadata, such as from the system memory, completing or fulfilling the read request.

A memory sub-system can allocate a first portion of blocks of a memory device for storage of file system metadata based on a file system and a capacity of the memory device, write video data received from a host within a second portion of the blocks at a first data density, and write file system metadata within the first portion of the blocks at a second data density lesser than the first data density.

A memory system includes a plurality of memory chips, including a first memory chip and a second memory chip, and a controller. The controller includes a first central processing unit (CPU) to process a request received from a host, and a plurality of second CPUs to respectively control operations of the plurality of memory chips through a plurality of channels. An importance table is stored in the controller and includes information about a data programming method for data stored in the memory system, the information about the data programming method corresponding to importance information of the data. The second CPUs are configured to program at least some of the data in both the first memory chip and the second memory chip, based on the importance table, so that at least some of the data is stored in both the first memory chip and the second memory chip as same data.

A logical-to-physical (L2P) data structure and a physical-to-logical (P2L) data structure are maintained. The L2P data structure comprises table entries that map a logical address to a physical address. The P2L data structure comprises data entries that map a physical address to a logical address. The P2L data entries also comprise a data move status, a base address, and a boundary indicator. A move operation is detected, wherein the move operation indicates that data referenced by a logical address is to be moved from a source physical address to a destination physical address. Responsive to detecting the move operation, the data move status associated with the source physical address in the P2L data structure is updated.

A method for writing to a non-volatile electronic memory with data words and assigned pieces of index information. The non-volatile electronic memory is initially filled exclusively with empty data frames. The empty data frames are overwritable with multi-data frames and/or individual data frames. A multi-data frame includes a selectable number of sequentially stored data words, and a multi-data frame header. A frame-type marker, the number of data words, and a selectable start index are stored in the multi-data frame header so that each data word is assignable a unique index value from an index interval by incrementing or decrementing. An individual data frame includes one data word and an individual data frame header. A frame-type marker and a selectable index value for the one data word of the individual data frame are stored in the individual data frame header.

The subject matter described herein provides systems and techniques to counter a high write amplification in physical memory, to ensure the longevity of the physical memory, and to ensure that the physical memory wears in a more uniform manner. In this regard, aspects of this disclosure include the design of a Flash Translation Layer (FTL), which may manage logical to physical mapping of data within the physical memory. In particular, the FTL may be designed with a mapping algorithm, which uses reinforcement learning (RL) to optimize data mapping within the physical memory. The RL technique may use a Bellman equation with q-learning that may rely on a table being updated with entries that take into account at least one of a state, an action, a reward, or a policy. The RL technique may also make use a deep neural network to predict particular values of the table.

A processing device in a memory sub-system determines whether to check a status of one or more memory dies of the memory device and sends a multi-unit status command to the memory device, the multi-unit status command specifying a plurality of memory units associated with the one or more memory dies of the memory device. The processing device further receives a response to the multi-unit status command, the response comprising a multi-bit value comprising a plurality of bits, wherein each bit of the plurality of bits represents a status of one or more parameters of a plurality of parameters for a corresponding one of the plurality of memory units.

In some embodiments, a method for die-level monitoring is provided. The method includes distributing user data throughout a plurality of storage nodes through erasure coding, wherein the plurality of storage nodes are housed within a chassis that couples the storage nodes. Each of the storage nodes has a non-volatile solid-state storage with non-volatile memory and the user data is accessible via the erasure coding from a remainder of the storage nodes in event of two of the storage nodes being unreachable. The method includes producing diagnostic information that diagnoses the non-volatile memory on a basis of per package, per die, per plane, per block, or per page, the producing performed by each of the plurality of storage nodes. The method includes writing the diagnostic information to a memory in the storage cluster.