According to an example, a printing system may include printing components, an input voltage engine to determine whether an input voltage level is outside of a predetermined voltage level range, and a printing components engine to control the printing components to operate in one of a normal mode and a reduced throughput mode based upon whether the accessed input voltage level is outside of the predetermined voltage level range.

A device management server that manages a plurality of devices includes a receiving unit that receives consumables information on a status of consumables in the devices, a first determination unit that determines whether or not a first device needing replacement of the consumables is included in the devices, a second determination unit that, when the first device is included in the devices, determines whether or not a second device needing replacement of the consumables is included in the devices other than the first device, and a delivery instruction unit that, when the second device is included in the devices, provides an instruction to deliver a replenishment item of the consumables needed by the first device for replacement and a replenishment item of the consumables needed by the second device for replacement.

An apparatus that operates with a detachable unit mounted therein, includes: a storage unit configured to store a public key; and a verification unit configured to verify data held by the mounted unit, based on the public key. The data includes attribute information indicating an attribute of the unit, and authentication information generated from target information including the attribute information with a secret key paired with the public key and from which the target information is restorable, and the verification unit is further configured to detect an anomaly in the attribute information or the authentication information included in the data, by determining whether the attribute information included in the target information restored from the authentication information using the public key matches the attribute information included in the data.

Variable data printing operations use static and variable content to create many different documents. An estimation system for printing operations implements accelerated consumable use estimation for variable data printing operations by tagging reused objects having static content. The static content is rendered within the estimation system once and then stored for use in later estimation operations, as needed. Variable content is rendered for each record. Using this process, the estimation system does not need to render reused content repeatedly in providing consumable use estimates.

In an image processing apparatus, a processor acquires first and second profiles. The processor generates a third profile. The processor acquires a first boundary defining a first boundary value. The processor determines a second boundary by using first and second boundary output values. The second boundary defines a second boundary value. The first boundary output value is determined from output values in the first profile on the basis of the first boundary. The second boundary output value is determined from output values in the second profile on the basis of the first boundary. The first and second boundary values define first, second, and third ranges. The third profile maps a specific input value in the second range to an output value by using a value to which the first profile maps the specific input value and a value to which the second profile maps the specific input value.

A control device includes a prohibition unit that prohibits use of an electronic apparatus in a case where a sum of a cumulative amount of use of the electronic apparatus for a predetermined period of time and a new amount of use which is newly instructed by an user exceeds a permitted amount in the period of time which is permitted for the user, and a permission unit that permits use of the electronic apparatus by an amount based on an unused amount which is a difference between the permitted amount and the cumulative amount of use in an unreaching period when the unreaching period is present before the period of time in an accounting period including the period of time, in a case where the use of the electronic apparatus is prohibited by the prohibition unit.

A processor causes a transmission circuit to output a carrier signal intermittently. Each time the carrier signal is output, the processor determines whether or not a level of a detection signal is in a satisfactory state. In a first case where the level of the detection signal is determined to be in the satisfactory state, the processor performs a read control to cause the transmission circuit to perform a precharge process and a transmission process. In a second case where the level of the detection signal is not determined to be in the satisfactory state, the processor determines that the unit attachment portion is in a unit non-attachment state. In the first case, when the processor succeeds in identifying the developer information, the processor determines that the unit attachment portion is in a unit attachment state, and otherwise, determines that the unit attachment portion is in an exceptional state.

In an example, a method includes identifying, within data for use in printing, a first element set associated with a first print addressable area, wherein elements of the element set are each associated with a print instruction. An element may be selected from the first element set and assigned to the first print addressable area. A second print addressable area may be identified as a candidate print addressable area for error diffusion, the second print addressable area being associated with a second element set. An error associated with the selection of the element from the first element set is scaled based on a criterion and may be diffused to elements of the second element set.

A printer control apparatus that controls a printer executing printing based on print data, includes: a printer storage unit having a printing SSD in which reading and writing are executed in a unit of pages; a writing unit that writes print data to the printing SSD; a reading unit that reads print data from the printing SSD; and a reading and writing control unit that controls erasing of the print data that have been printed from the printing SSD according to a read state of the reading unit and causes the writing unit to write the new print data.

A non-volatile memory includes a mechanism that communicates a classification of the consumable product to a device.