A method of encoding a watermark into a digital image is provided. The method includes partitioning an image into a plurality of blocks of a same size; accumulating the plurality of blocks of the same size into a single block image; performing a Fourier transformation on the single block image to obtain a two-dimensional Fourier spectrum defined by Fourier coefficients at different positions of a Fourier domain; inserting a watermark into a frequency domain of the two-dimensional Fourier spectrum by modifying the two-dimensional Fourier spectrum as a function of watermarking coefficients in the watermark, to obtain a modified Fourier spectrum; performing an inverse Fourier transformation on the modified Fourier spectrum to obtain a watermarked image; copying the watermarked image horizontally and vertically into a plurality of copied watermarked images; and splicing the plurality of copied watermarked images into a reconstituted watermark image.

Disclosed herein is a method for encoding an illustration on a target surface, where the illustration may be visible when light is shone on the surface from a light source with a predetermined position. The method may include converting the illustration into a grayscale illustration, specifying the position of the light source; generating a three dimensional surface having a grid of smaller surfaces thereon, where each smaller surface may represent a corresponding pixel of the grayscale illustration. Each smaller surface may be oriented with respect to the light source such that reflected light from each smaller surface has a reflection intensity equal to the light intensity of the corresponding pixel of the greyscale illustration; and making the target surface out of a material using the generated three dimensional surface as a template.

2D machine readable symbologies are stylized and made aesthetically-appealing, facilitating their use to convey plural-symbol data on product packaging and other articles. In some arrangements, a symbology is mimicked as a collage of excerpts from a style image (e.g., a photograph or other artwork). To human viewers, the stylized symbology resembles the style image, rather than the 2D symbology. A great variety of other features and arrangements are also detailed.

A content analyzer determines whether various types of modification have been made to images. The content analyzer computes JPEG ghosts from the images that are concatenated with the image channels to generate a feature vector. The feature vector is provided as input to a neural network that determines whether the types of modification have been made to the image. The neural network may include a constrained convolution layer and several unconstrained convolution layers. An image fake model may also be applied to determine whether the image was generated using a computer model or algorithm.

A method for rendering visible security information of a digitally stored image which has a plurality of pixels and at least one piece of digitally coded information comprises at least the following steps: allocating at least some of the pixels to at least one image region; determining an average color value of the pixels allocated to the image region; determining two mutually complementary color values whose average color value is at least approximately identical to the determined average color value of the pixels allocated to the image region; depicting the image region and at least part of the digitally coded security information in a visually perceptible manner. The depicted image region thereby has a first of the mutually complementary color values. The part of the digitally coded security information is depicted within the image region and has a second of the mutually complementary color values.

Systems and methods are provided for decoding watermarks in video frames. A media device may receive a video frame that includes a first predetermined region comprising a watermark and a second predetermined region having pixel values selected to reduce the perceptibility of the first predetermined region. The media device may detect the watermark in the first predetermined region of the video frame and identify one or more contiguous subsets of pixels that correspond to a first pixel value and one or more contiguous subsets of pixels that correspond to a second pixel value. The media device then assigns a first symbol to the one or more contiguous subsets of pixels that correspond to the first pixel value and second symbol the one or more contiguous subsets of pixels that correspond to the second pixel value. The media device then generates a first sequence of symbols from the assigned symbols.

A method and an apparatus for controlling content integrity. A method for operating in an electronic device can include including unique information of content in a watermark image, and inserting the watermark image to the content.

The present disclosure relates generally to digital watermarking for retail product packaging. A digital watermark can be carried in different color channels, and at with different signal polarities. Detection can utilize different illumination sources to highlight signal in one or more channels.

The present disclosure relates generally improving visibility artifacts associated with encoded signals. A visibility change for local image areas associated with an encoded signal can be determined through use of a plurality of channel-specific contrast sensitivity functions. Of course, other features, and related claims and combinations are provided as well.

A method for watermarking a three-dimensional object is disclosed. The watermarking method comprises computing shape descriptor of a local neighborhood of a current vertex among the plurality of vertices of the three-dimensional object; obtaining a target shape descriptor from the shape descriptor using a quantization grid associated with a watermark payload; and modifying said local neighborhood wherein a position of at least one vertex of said local neighborhood is modified such that a shape descriptor of said modified local neighborhood is close to said target shape descriptor and wherein said current vertex is not modified. A method for obtaining payload from a three-dimensional object, a 3D object carrying a watermark and devices implementing the disclosed methods are further disclosed.