The invention relates to a method for identifying individual trees in airborne lidar data and a corresponding computer program product. The method comprises: a. obtaining lidar data points of a group of one or more trees; b. define voxels in a regular 3D grid on the basis of the data points; c. applying an image segmentation algorithm to obtain at least one segment; and, if at least two segments are obtained: d. find the root voxel and branch voxels of a first segment and a second neighbouring segment; and e. merging the first and second segment if the distance between the first and second root voxel is less than a first threshold, the distance between the first root voxel and the closest second branch voxel is less than a second threshold; and the distance between the first branch voxels and the second branch voxels is less than a third threshold.

Provided is an image processing method including: generating an omnidirectional spherical image; determining information regarding a director's view that indicates some regions of the omnidirectional spherical image; generating a projection image by projecting the omnidirectional spherical image to a development view of a polyhedron; dividing, from the projection image, a director's view projection image corresponding to the director's view, based on the information regarding the director's view; reshaping the director's view projection image into a director's view rectangular image by moving a location of at least one of pixels of the director's view projection image; and generating a bitstream which the director's view rectangular image is encoded into.

A multi-user application system environment engine has an application system that, in turn, includes a simulation engine and a virtualized software environment. The simulation engine runs on top of the virtualized software environment and is configured to operate as a server. The simulation engine includes a declaration processor, a scene tree object manager, and a server listener, which processes any received change message by causing the declaration processor to transform each change declaration embedded in such change message into a corresponding change in an instantiated scene tree. The sever listener executes a synchronization process that records each change declaration in a declaration repository.

An apparatus includes a first acquisition unit configured to, with a viewpoint set to a position of an object, acquire a plurality of environment maps for each position of light sources, the environment maps being obtained by imaging a surrounding environment from the viewpoint, a second acquisition unit configured to acquire a plurality of captured images for each position of the light sources, the captured images being obtained by imaging from a plurality of directions the object irradiated with light by the light sources, and a determination unit configured to determine reflection characteristics of the object based on the environment maps and the plurality of captured images.

An imaging camera and a depth camera are configured to perform a 3D scan of an interior space. A processor is configured to generate voxels in a three-dimensional (3D) grid based on the 3D scan. The voxels represent portions of the volume of the interior space. The processor is also configured to project the voxels onto tiles in a two-dimensional (2D) floor plan of the interior space. The processor is further configured to generate, based on the tiles, a 2D distance grid that represents features in the interior space. In some cases, the 2D distance grid is generated in real-time concurrently with performing the 3D scan of the interior space. The processor is further configured to generate, based on a 2D distance grid, a set of polygons representing elements of the floor plan in real-time. The processor is further configured to generate a simplified set of primitives representing the floor plan.

A book electronization apparatus includes: a three-dimensional data generation unit that generates three-dimensional data; a two-dimensional page data generation unit that generates two-dimensional page data which has first points as points corresponding to ink and second points as values corresponding to a background; and a character recognition unit that recognizes a character by using the two-dimensional page data. The character recognition unit recognizes the character on the basis of a shape of a part of the character, which is generated by connecting the first points with one of the first points as an initial point in a partial region of a character region.

Systems and methods for mapping vertices from one coordinate system in an earth model to another coordinate system in a two-dimensional (2D) array without disrupting the topology of the vertices.

A projection device including a processor circuit is provided. The processor circuit generates multiple warped feature points according to multiple first feature points and multiple second feature points. The processor circuit transforms a first mapping table into a second mapping table according to the warped feature points. The projection device projects a correction pattern to a projection screen. The correction pattern includes the first feature points. The processor circuit receives an image of the correction pattern projected to the projection screen that is captured by a 3D image capturing device, so as to obtain coordinate positions of the second feature points. The processor circuit calculates a viewer position according to the coordinate positions of the second feature points. The processor circuit generates an antiwarp image according to an input image and the second mapping table. The projection device projects the antiwarp image to the projection screen.

The current document is directed to methods and systems that acquire an image containing text with curved text lines to generate a corresponding corrected image in which the text lines are straightened and have a rectilinear organization. The method may include identifying a page sub-image within the text-containing image, generating a text-line-curvature model for the page sub-image that associates inclination angles with pixels in the page sub-image, generating local displacements, using the text-line-curvature model, for pixels in the page sub-image, and transferring pixels from the page sub-image to a corrected page-sub-image using the local displacements to construct a corrected page sub-image in which the text lines are straightened and in which the text characters and symbols have a rectilinear arrangement.

A multi-user application system environment engine has an application system that, in turn, includes a simulation engine and a virtualized software environment. The simulation engine runs on top of the virtualized software environment and includes a declaration processor, a scene tree object manager, a persistence processor in communication with the scene tree object manager, a visual editor, an editor broadcaster, an editor listener, and a rendering processor, coupled to the virtualized software environment, to requisition hardware resources to cause physical manifestation of an instantiated scene tree of objects.