The present disclosure relate generally to digital watermarking and signal encoding. Various colors can be evaluated and modified to carry an encoded or auxiliary signal.

A method for reversible image data hiding includes steps of encrypting an original image by an encryption process to generate an encrypted image, embedding a message into the encrypted image by an embedment process to generate an embedded image, and extracting the message and the original image from the embedded image by a decryption and extraction process. The encryption process includes generating a key stream by using a secret encryption key, and generating an encrypted image by XORing the original image with the key stream. The embedment process includes generating an embedded image by embedding the message via XORing the encrypted image with a predetermined public key set.

This patent document relates generally to encoded information and digital watermarking. One claim recites an image capture device comprising: an optical system; an image sensor on a substrate for capturing imagery provided by the optical system, in which captured imagery includes encoded information, and in which the captured imagery comprises first color information, second color information and third color information; means for compressing the captured imagery captured by said image sensor; means for detecting the encoded information from the captured imagery, in which said detecting utilizes different color information weightings so that at least the first color information and the third color information are weighted differently than one another for detection of the encoded information; and means for providing the encoded information for output or display, once the encoded information is detected. Of course, other claims and combinations are provided as well.

This disclosure relates to counterfeit detection and deterrence using advanced signal processing technology including steganographic embedding and digital watermarking. Digital watermark can be used on consumer products, labels, logos, hang tags, stickers and other objects to provide counterfeit detection mechanisms.

A computer-implemented method that provides watermark-based image reconstruction to compensate for lossy encoding schemes. The method can generate a difference image describing the data loss associated with encoding an image using a lossy encoding scheme. The difference image can be encoded as a message and embedded in the encoded image using a watermark and later extracted from the encoded image. The difference image can be added to the encoded image to reconstruct the original image. As an example, an input image encoded using a lossy JPEG compression scheme can be embedded with the lost data and later reconstructed, using the embedded data, to a fidelity level that is identical or substantially similar to the original.

An imaging system may output embedded data in an output frame. Selected bits of pixel data words, corresponding to data read out from imaging pixels and non-imaging pixels, may be modified to correspond to bits of embedded data. Modifying pixel data words may include receiving a pixel data word and decatenating the pixel data words into fragments of the data word. A first fragment may correspond to bits of the data word that are replaced by embedded data bits output from an embedded data engine. A second fragment may be modified using arithmetic circuitry based on whether the embedded data bits that replace the first fragment are the same as bits of the first fragment. An output data word may be produced that includes embedded data bits at its least significant bits, most significant bits, or intermediate bits.

The present disclosure relate generally to image signal processing, color science and signal encoding. One claim recites an apparatus including: an input for obtaining color image data; memory for storing a luminance contrast sensitivity function (CSF1) and a chrominance contrast sensitivity function (CSF2); means for degrading data representing color image data with the CSF1 and the CSF2 to predict visibility changes attributable to encoding plural-bit information in the obtained color image data, in which the CSF1 varies depending on luminance values associated with local regions of the color image data, in which said means for degrading data representing color image data yields results for different image areas within the color image data, and in which the CSF1 is used for degrading luminance data and the CSF2 is used for degrading chrominance data; and means for altering the color image data by encoding plural-bit information therein, in which signal embedding strength of the encoding within the different image areas varies based on the results. Of course, other features, combinations and claims are disclosed as well.

A computer-implemented method that provides watermark-based image reconstruction to compensate for lossy encoding schemes. The method can generate a difference image describing the data loss associated with encoding an image using a lossy encoding scheme. The difference image can be encoded as a message and embedded in the encoded image using a watermark and later extracted from the encoded image. The difference image can be added to the encoded image to reconstruct the original image. As an example, an input image encoded using a lossy JPEG compression scheme can be embedded with the lost data and later reconstructed, using the embedded data, to a fidelity level that is identical or substantially similar to the original.

Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on a computer storage medium, for determining a visually imperceptible or a visually perceptible watermark and outputting a result based on the determination. A watermark decoder receives an input image. The watermark decoder applies a decoder machine learning model to decode a watermarks at different levels of zoom. The water mark decoder determines whether a watermark was decoded to obtain a decoded watermark. The watermark decoder outputs a result based on the determination whether the watermark was decoded through application of the decoder machine learning model to the input image that includes outputting a zoomed output decoded through application of the decoder machine learning model to the input image.

Data is encoded into one or more optically encoded images. The optically encoded images are then inserted as image data into a video sequencei.e., in video frames. Data are transmitted in-band within the video, via any conceivable video distribution channel or format. The video may be trans-coded as requiredbecause the data are optically encoded, any video processing that even crudely preserves the frame images will preserve the optically encoded data. This scheme of in-band data transfer in video is very robust. A video receiving apparatus receives the video, inspects the image data from video frames in memory, detects optically encoded images in the image data, and decodes the optically encoded images to recover the data. The frames carrying optically encoded images are typically discarded and not rendered to a display. The receiver controls connected equipment, other than a display (e.g., a musical instrument), based on the extracted data.