Offset illumination using multiple emitters in a fluorescence imaging system is described. A system includes an emitter for emitting pulses of electromagnetic radiation and an image sensor comprising a pixel array for sensing reflected electromagnetic radiation. The emitter comprises a first emitter and a second emitter for emitting different wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation. The system is such that at least a portion of the pulses of electromagnetic radiation emitted by the emitter comprises one or more of a hyperspectral emission, a fluorescence emission, and/or a laser mapping pattern.

Methods for guiding a surgical procedure include accessing information relating to a surgical procedure, accessing at least one image of a surgical site captured by an endoscope during the surgical procedure, identifying a tool captured in the at least one image by a machine learning system, determining whether the tool should be changed based on comparing the information relating to the surgical procedure and the tool identified by the machine learning system, and providing an indication when the determining indicates that the tool should be changed.

Disclosed are various embodiments of systems and methods of deep learning for colorectal polyp screening and providing a prediction of neoplasticity of a polyp. A video of a colonoscopy procedure can be captured. Frames from the video or images associated with the colonoscopy procedure can be extracted. A model for classifying objects that appear in the frames or the images can be obtained. A classification can be determined for a polyp that appears in at least one of the frames or images based on applying the frames or images to an input layer of the model.

A luminal structure calculation apparatus includes at least one processor including hardware. The processor acquires picked-up images at a plurality of points in time including a same site of an object acquired by an image pickup unit provided in an insertion section inserted into a lumen serving as the object and three-dimensional disposition including information concerning at least a part of a position or a direction of the image pickup unit and calculates a position of the same site based on the picked-up images at the plurality of points in time and the three-dimensional disposition to calculate a three-dimensional structure of the lumen.

An intraoral imaging apparatus, a medical apparatus, and a program capable of providing auxiliary data for determination regarding diseases having differences in intraoral findings are provided. The intraoral imaging apparatus includes: an imaging device that acquires an intraoral image; a light source that emits light to a subject of the imaging device; a storage apparatus that stores an algorithm for performing determination of a specific disease; and an arithmetic apparatus, in which the arithmetic apparatus executes: a determination process of determining a possibility of the predetermined disease based on the image and the algorithm; and an output process of outputting a result of the determination process.

There are provided a medical image processing device, an endoscope system, a medical image processing method, and a program which detect an optimal lesion region according to an in-vivo position of a captured image. Images at a plurality of in-vivo positions of a subject are acquired from medical equipment that sequentially captures and displays in real time the images; positional information indicating the in-vivo position of the acquired image is acquired; from among a plurality of region-of-interest detection units that detect a region of interest from an input image and correspond to the plurality of in-vivo positions, respectively, a region-of-interest detection unit corresponding to the position indicated by the positional information is selected; and the selected region-of-interest detection unit detects a region of interest from the acquired image.

The invention relates to a method for determining information for distinguishing between tissue fluid cells and tissue cells in a high-resolution image (34) of a tissue area. In the method, images (33A-E) stored temporarily with a low resolution and a high image rate before the high-resolution image (34) is recorded are accessed and the information for distinguishing between tissue fluid cells and tissue cells is obtained from the temporarily stored images (33A-E) with the low resolution and the high image rate.

A method for smoke reduction in images includes accessing an RGB image of an object obscured by smoke, determining a dark channel matrix of the RGB image, estimating an atmospheric light matrix for the RGB image based on the dark channel, determining a transmission map based on to the atmospheric light matrix and the dark channel matrix, de-hazing the RGB image based on the transmission map to reduce the smoke in the RGB image, and displaying the de-hazed RGB image on a display device. The RGB image includes a plurality of pixels. The dark channel matrix includes, for each pixel of the plurality of pixels, a minimum color component intensity for a respective pixel area centered at the respective pixel. The atmospheric light matrix includes an atmospheric light component value for each of the plurality of pixels.

To provide an image processing apparatus, an image processing method, and an endoscope system by which deep tissues and superficial blood vessels enhanced with improved visibility can be displayed to a surgeon in real time. An image processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present technology includes an enhancement processing unit that performs enhancement processing on low-frequency components that are a range lower than a predetermined spatial frequency in an input image, performs enhancement processing on high-frequency components that are a range higher than the low-frequency components in the input image, and outputs the input image having the low-frequency components and the high-frequency components each subjected to enhancement processing.

An image processing system includes at least one processor including hardware. The processor performs a process that acquires, as a processing target image sequence, images captured in a time series manner with an inside of a living body by an endoscope imaging device, a process based on a database generated by using a plurality of in-vivo images captured at earlier timings than timings at which the processing target image sequence is captured, and a process that determines, when a bleeding has been occurring inside the living body, a kind of a desirable bleeding stopping treatment for a blood vessel on which the bleeding has been occurring based on the processing target image sequence and the database to present, to a user, the determined type of the bleeding stopping treatment.