The present invention relates to both systems and methods for product authentication. Unique identifiers are associated with products. Said identifiers are captured through a camera of the client device and transmitted to authentication server; whereupon said authentication server authenticates the products by contacting an authentication database would manufacturer-provided authentication information.

A method for generating a package identifier includes generating an image of a portion of a surface of a substrate of the package, generating a serial number of the package from the image, the serial number being based on at least one surface feature of the portion of the surface, and affixing a visual indicator on the package that is based on the serial number. The visual indicator affixed on the package is therefore based on the at least one surface feature of the package.

A method of marking a holographic matrix. The method includes forming the holographic matrix, which is designed to produce holograms by printing. At least one anti-copy mark on the holographic matrix is formed and at least one copy-robust mark on the holographic matrix is formed. At least one of the steps for forming at least one mark on the holographic matrix uses laser-structuring of the holographic matrix surface. Preferably, the anti-copy mark represents a message and a plurality of redundancies of the message carried by the anti-copy mark. Also, preferably, a picosecond laser is used to form the anti-copy mark is formed.

In a method for identifying desynchronization between representations of data obtained from an ordered plurality of documents, a processor can receive ordered first and second pluralities of data strings obtained from the respective plurality of documents; compare each data string in the first plurality to the corresponding data string in the second plurality and to each data string sequentially before or sequentially after the corresponding data string in the second plurality; based on the comparison, designate each data string in the first plurality as being one of synchronized, leading, or trailing; identify a continuous sequence of N data strings in the first plurality that all have a designation of leading or all have a designation of trailing, where N equals or exceeds a specified sequence threshold; and generate a single error signal that identifies all N of the data strings in the continuous sequence as being desynchronized.

A device for decoding magnetic patterns printed on documents comprising a reading head (12) having: a reader (20) arranged to read first magnetic signals belonging to the magnetic patterns and to electromagnetic noise due to sources internal and/or external to the device. The device further comprises: a further reader (40), arranged to read second magnetic signals belonging to the electromagnetic noise, an adder component (25) arranged to algebraically subtract the amplified second magnetic signals from the amplified first magnetic signals, and a converter (16) arranged to convert the resulting signal into a digital signal representing the read magnetic patterns. A method for decoding magnetic patterns is also disclosed.

The invention protects a content of a digital or physical document against forgery. It allows automatic detection of any modification in an arrangement of graphical symbols (e.g. a text) provided on a support (e.g. printed or displayed) with respect to an original arrangement by providing on the support reproducible verifiable data including a verification barcode, while eliminating redundancy between data inside the barcode and the graphical symbols, and resolving the problem of the size of the barcode when the size of the data for these graphical symbols is large.

Embodiments relate to a non-fungible physical (NFP) item. The non-fungible physical (NFP) item comprises an identifier. The identifier is embedded and layered within the non-fungible physical item in an unplanned pattern. The identifier in the unplanned pattern is configured to provide high security against counterfeiting of the non-fungible physical (NFP) item. The identifier comprises at least one of a random marker and a unique marker. The unplanned pattern comprises at least one of a random pattern and a unique pattern. Further the non-fungible physical (NFP) item is registered as a non-fungible token on a blockchain. The NFP item is then paired with the non-fungible token for enabling two-way mutual authentication and enhanced authenticity. The pairing of the NFP item with the non-fungible token enables tracking condition, provenance, and grading of the NFP item.

Embodiments relate to a non-fungible physical (NFP) item. The non-fungible physical (NFP) item comprises an identifier. The identifier is embedded and layered within the non-fungible physical item in an unplanned pattern. The identifier in the unplanned pattern is configured to provide high security against counterfeiting of the non-fungible physical (NFP) item. The identifier comprises at least one of a random marker and a unique marker. The unplanned pattern comprises at least one of a random pattern and a unique pattern. Further the non-fungible physical (NFP) item is registered as a non-fungible token on a blockchain. The NFP item is then paired with the non-fungible token for enabling two-way mutual authentication and enhanced authenticity. The pairing of the NFP item with the non-fungible token enables tracking condition, provenance, and grading of the NFP item.

In a general aspect, orientation information is used to generate a unique code. In some aspects, orientation information is extracted from an object. The object includes multiple elements, and the orientation information indicates the relative spatial orientations of the respective elements. The orientation information can be extracted, for instance, by a scanner system that detects the elements. A unique code is generated for the object based on the orientation information. In some examples, the elements are diamond particles that each have one or more color centers, and the orientation information is extracted by detecting the color centers.

In a general aspect, orientation information is used to generate a unique code. In some aspects, orientation information is extracted from an object. The object includes multiple elements, and the orientation information indicates the relative spatial orientations of the respective elements. The orientation information can be extracted, for instance, by a scanner system that detects the elements. A unique code is generated for the object based on the orientation information. In some examples, the elements are diamond particles that each have one or more color centers, and the orientation information is extracted by detecting the color centers.