Embers created by fires, particularly fires in environments such as grassland, bushland, and forests, can lead to the loss of property and animal and human lives. In addition to the loss of property and lives, fires caused by embers lead to an increase in greenhouse gasses, an increase in the risk associated with an ember attack and/or a fire, and a reduced ability to effectively fight an ember attack and/or a fire. The concept bush/wildfire should be understood to include forest fires, grassland fires, and the like. The present disclosure relates to an ember detector device, a bush/wild fire detection and threat management system, and methods of reducing greenhouse gasses, reducing the risk associated with an ember attack and/or a fire, and enhancing an ability to effectively fight an ember attack and/or a fire.

Embers created by fires, particularly fires in environments such as grassland, bushland, and forests, can lead to the loss of property and animal and human lives. In addition to the loss of property and lives, fires caused by embers lead to an increase in greenhouse gasses, an increase in the risk associated with an ember attack and/or a fire, and a reduced ability to effectively fight an ember attack and/or a fire. The concept bush/wildfire should be understood to include forest fires, grassland fires, and the like. The present disclosure relates to an ember detector device, a bush/wild fire detection and threat management system, and methods of reducing greenhouse gasses, reducing the risk associated with an ember attack and/or a fire, and enhancing an ability to effectively fight an ember attack and/or a fire.

Various embodiments include a carbon monoxide (CO) detection device and methods for operating a FDS or CO detection device to detect carbon monoxide and communicate information regarding CO detection events to a remote server via communication network. Various embodiments include receiving information from one or more CO sensors configured to detect CO, determining whether the information from the one or more CO sensors satisfies one or more threshold criteria indicative of fire event or CO detection, generating a CO warning message comprising a fire and/or CO alarm object in response to determining that the information received from the one or more CO sensors satisfy one or more threshold criteria indicative of CO detection, and sending the generated CO warning message to a remote server via a communication network.

The present invention discloses a CO alarm for a battery type generator, comprising a MCU control unit U2, configured to analyze and process signals, which is in a deep sleep state when the generator is not running, and enters a sleep plus timing wake-up working state after the engine is running; a CO sensor detection unit U3 connected to the MCU control unit, configured to convert the CO concentration in the environment into a corresponding electrical signal and output to the MCU control unit U2 for processing; an alarm indication unit U4 connected to the MCU control unit, configured to give an alarm prompt for the CO concentration and an alarm failure prompt.

The present invention discloses a CO alarm for a battery type generator, comprising a MCU control unit U2, configured to analyze and process signals, which is in a deep sleep state when the generator is not running, and enters a sleep plus timing wake-up working state after the engine is running; a CO sensor detection unit U3 connected to the MCU control unit, configured to convert the CO concentration in the environment into a corresponding electrical signal and output to the MCU control unit U2 for processing; an alarm indication unit U4 connected to the MCU control unit, configured to give an alarm prompt for the CO concentration and an alarm failure prompt.

An optical detector device may receive a spectroscopic measurement from a multispectral sensor. The optical detector device may determine, based on the spectroscopic measurement, a particulate size of a particulate. The optical detector device may determine, based on the spectroscopic measurement, an identification of the particulate. The optical detector device may determine, based on the particulate size and the identification of the particulate, that an alert condition is satisfied. The optical detector device may trigger an alert based on determining that the alert condition is satisfied.

The present invention relates to a method for early detection of carbonization during the drying of an organic material. The method of the present invention measures temperature variation per unit time of exhaust gas containing water (H.sub.2O), carbon monoxide (CO), or carbon dioxide (CO.sub.2), which are to be generated by the pyrolysis of an organic material, and the concentration of carbon monoxide/carbon dioxide of the exhaust gas, so as to determine the occurrence of carbonization therethrough, thereby enabling early detection of carbonization within a dryer.

Provided is an information provision system capable of reducing secondary damage in the case of a disaster. The information provision system includes: a vehicle; and an information provision apparatus communicatively connected to the vehicle and configured to provide information to the vehicle. The information provision apparatus includes an acquirer that acquires fire-related information indicating information about fire, a fire detector that detects an occurrence of fire based on the fire-related information, and a fire information generator that generates, in response to the detection of the occurrence of fire by the fire detector, fire avoidance information for avoiding the fire, and transmits the fire avoidance information to the vehicle. The vehicle includes an information receiver that receives the fire avoidance information, and a display controller that causes a display to display the fire avoidance information.

Provided is an information provision system capable of reducing secondary damage in the case of a disaster. The information provision system includes: a vehicle; and an information provision apparatus communicatively connected to the vehicle and configured to provide information to the vehicle. The information provision apparatus includes an acquirer that acquires fire-related information indicating information about fire, a fire detector that detects an occurrence of fire based on the fire-related information, and a fire information generator that generates, in response to the detection of the occurrence of fire by the fire detector, fire avoidance information for avoiding the fire, and transmits the fire avoidance information to the vehicle. The vehicle includes an information receiver that receives the fire avoidance information, and a display controller that causes a display to display the fire avoidance information.

A vehicle system includes: smoke sensors located at different locations within a passenger cabin of a vehicle and configured to measure amounts of cigarette smoke at the locations, respectively, within the passenger cabin of the vehicle; and a smoking module configured to, based on the measured amounts of cigarette smoke, determine that: a smoking event occurred at a first location within the passenger cabin; and the smoking event did not occur at a second location that is different than the first location within the passenger cabin of the vehicle.