A rendering system includes a command server and a plurality of rendering servers. The command server receives a screen transmission request from the client terminal. The command server evaluates, for each of the plurality of rendering servers, at least one of a number of connected terminals, an average transmission rate, a GPU operation rate, a congestion status, and a length of a transfer path to the client terminal. The command server specifies, based on evaluation results, at least one of the plurality of rendering servers to render a screen to be transmitted to the client terminal.

A system including a simulated respiratory sub-system and a simulated airway subsystem. The simulated respiratory sub-system comprises simulated lung(s) and, optionally, a lung compliance assembly and a compliance motor. The lung compliance assembly has a backing plate and a pressure plate between which the simulated lungs are positioned. The compliance motor is configured to adjust a clamping force exerted by the pressure plate on the simulated lungs to simulate clinical presentation of lung compliance. The simulated airway subsystem comprises an airway unit and, optionally, a trachea tube and a trachea tubing depth sensor. The airway unit has a mouth cavity and an internal airway via which the mouth cavity communicates with the simulated lung(s). The trachea tube is in communication with the internal airway and operably coupled to the airway unit. The trachea tubing depth sensor ensures proper execution of an intratracheal training procedure.

Simulator systems for teaching patient care are provided. In some instances, the simulator system includes a maternal simulator sized and shaped to simulate a pregnant woman, the maternal simulator including a torso, arms, legs, and a head, wherein the torso includes a chamber sized and shaped to receive a fetal simulator and wherein a birthing mechanism is disposed within the chamber for providing rotational and translational movement to the fetal simulator in a birthing simulation; and a fetal simulator sized and shaped to simulate a fetus, the fetal simulator configured to be selectively engaged with the birthing mechanism of the maternal simulator.

Devices, systems, and methods appropriate for use in medical training using a patient simulator and various anatomical inserts. One such system generally includes a patient simulator and an anatomical insert, the patient simulator including a simulated vascular system, and the anatomical insert being fluidically couplable to the simulated vascular system and including a simulated artery and a simulated vein. When the anatomical insert is fluidically coupled to the simulated vascular system, the simulated vascular system is adapted to pressurize the simulated artery and the simulated vein with a blood-like fluid to simulate natural arteries and veins. Moreover, when the simulated vascular system pressurizes the simulated artery and the simulated vein with the blood-like fluid, the simulated vascular system is adapted to provide a pulsatile flow of the blood-like fluid to the simulated artery and a steady flow of the blood-like fluid to the simulated vein.

Systems and methods are disclosed for an apparatus and method for practicing injection techniques through an injectable apparatus. The injectable apparatus may contain a camera that is configured to detect the intensity and color of light attenuated from a testing tool after it is injected into a simulated human or animal body parts. A training tool may be connected to a user display device to generate a display of the injection apparatus as well as the performance parameters of a trainee.

A system including a simulated respiratory sub-system and a simulated airway sub-system. The simulated respiratory sub-system comprises simulated lung(s) and, optionally, a lung compliance assembly and a compliance motor. The lung compliance assembly has a backing plate and a pressure plate between which the simulated lungs are positioned. The compliance motor is configured to adjust a clamping force exerted by the pressure plate on the simulated lungs to simulate clinical presentation of lung compliance. The simulated airway sub-system comprises an airway unit and, optionally, a trachea tube and a trachea tubing depth sensor. The airway unit has a mouth cavity and an internal airway via which the mouth cavity communicates with the simulated lung(s). The trachea tube is in communication with the internal airway and operably coupled to the airway unit. The trachea tubing depth sensor ensures proper execution of an intratracheal training procedure.

Systems and methods are disclosed for an apparatus and method for practicing injection techniques through an injectable apparatus. The injectable apparatus may contain a camera that is configured to detect the intensity and color of light attenuated from a testing tool after it is injected into a simulated human or animal body parts. A training tool may be connected to a user display device to generate a display of the injection apparatus as well as the performance parameters of a trainee.

A surgical simulator for surgical training is provided. The simulator includes a frame defining an enclosure and a simulated tissue model located inside an enclosure. The simulated tissue model is adapted for practicing hysterectomies and includes at least a simulated uterus and a simulated vagina. The simulated tissue model is suspending inside the enclosure with two planar sheets of silicone such that the tissue model is located between the two sheets each of which form a fold and are in turn connected to the frame. The frame may be shaped like a cylinder and located inside a cavity of a larger laparoscopic trainer having a penetrable simulated abdominal wall. The tissue model is interchangeable and accessible laterally through an aperture provided in a support leg of the trainer.

A three-dimensional radiological image of a living being is acquired and an anatomical feature of interest therein is identified. A three-dimensional print of the feature is created; the print has haptic characteristics that are similar to those of the anatomical feature of interest. The print is incorporated into a model upon which a medical student can simulate a surgical operation. A simulator is provided; the simulator simulates the operation of a c-arm fluoroscope. This enables the medical student to simulate surgery while operating a fluoroscope.

A surgical simulator for surgical training is provided. The simulator includes a frame defining an enclosure and a simulated tissue model located inside the frame. The simulated tissue model is adapted for practicing a number of surgical procedures including but not limited to transanal excisions and transvaginal hysterectomies. Portions of the frame comprises a material adhesively compatible with the material of portions of the simulated tissue model to secure and suspend the simulated tissue model within the frame. The simulated tissue model may also include simulated vasculature configured to loop through apertures in the frame to secure and suspend the simulated tissue model within the frame.