An ultrasonic device includes a substrate, a transmitter disposed over the substrate, the transmitter including an ultrasonic transmitting transducer configured to generate ultrasonic signals, and a receiver disposed over the substrate, the receiver including an ultrasonic receiving transducer configured to sense ultrasonic signals. The ultrasonic device further includes a first horn-shaped acoustic channel, wherein a material of at least one portion of the first horn-shaped acoustic channel is the same as a material of at least one portion of the transmitter or the receiver.

A system for reforming sonar emissions from a sonar transducer element or an array of sonar transducer elements is provided. The system comprises the sonar transducer element or the array of sonar transducer elements. The sonar transducer element or the array of sonar transducer elements define an emitting face and are configured to transmit sonar signals along path(s). The system also comprises a horn comprising surface(s). Surface(s) are positioned adjacent to or in a spaced apart manner from the emitting face of the sonar transducer element or the array of sonar transducer elements so that the surface(s) are positioned at least partially in path(s) such that at least some of the sonar signals transmitted from the sonar transducer element or the array of sonar transducer elements are redirected based on interaction of the at least some of the sonar signals and surface(s).

A (meta-material) acoustic lens is presented. The lens is based on multiple acoustic channels (waveguides) that are helixes arranged radially with angle that is a function of the helix radius. This changes the effective thickness of the lens as a function of it s distance from the center of the lens. This create phase shift gradient across the lens, which in turn changes the wavefront from one side of the lens to the other. This results with either a focusing lens, when the effecting thickness decreases from center to edge of the lens, or a or diverging lens when the effecting thickness decreases from center to edge of the lens.

A sensing arrangement for detection of electrical discharges in an electrical apparatus is described. The sensing arrangement includes an acoustic sensor and a signal enhancing structure with a funnel region. The acoustic sensor is positioned outside the funnel region on an apex side of the funnel region. An electrical switchgear is described. The electrical switchgear includes a sensing arrangement for detection of electrical discharges in an electrical apparatus. The sensing arrangement includes an acoustic sensor and a signal enhancing structure with a funnel region.

There is provided a horn device for a railcar capable of delivering horn sound to a long distance in a traveling direction and being less likely to spread sound in a car width direction. A horn device for a railcar according to one aspect of the present invention includes: a whistle portion that is supplied with compressed air to make horn sound in a traveling direction; a duct located in the traveling direction of the whistle portion and having an opening portion at an end portion in the traveling direction; and at least one partition plate that is disposed perpendicularly to a car width direction, extends in a car longitudinal direction, and divides the interior of the duct.

A sensing arrangement for detection of electrical discharges in an electrical apparatus is described. The sensing arrangement includes an acoustic sensor and a signal enhancing structure with a funnel region. The acoustic sensor is positioned outside the funnel region on an apex side of the funnel region. An electrical switchgear is described. The electrical switchgear includes a sensing arrangement for detection of electrical discharges in an electrical apparatus. The sensing arrangement includes an acoustic sensor and a signal enhancing structure with a funnel region.

An electronic device holder may include a body portion housed within an outer housing. The body portion may include surfaces that form a first cavity configured to receive the electronic device, and a second cavity. A sound transmitting passage can be positioned between the first cavity and the second cavity. The second cavity can passively amplify sound received from the second sound channel of the sound transmitting passage. The body of the electronic device holder can include a first wall, a first partition wall, and a second partition wall. The second wall can be generally parallel to a generally planar bottom surface of the holder and can be positioned between the first wall and the first partition wall so as to define a first cavity. A second cavity can be defined between the second partition wall and the outer housing.

Defining critical spacing is necessary for steering of parametric audio. Comparing steering measurements both with and without a waveguide leads to a conclusion that the diffuse phyllotactic grating lobe contributes audio and is to blame for poor steering. In addition, the waveguide needs to function with correct phase offsets to achieve the steering required for performance. Arranging tubes so that the array configuration changes from rectilinear to another distribution is useful when the waveguide is short of critical spacing or constrained for space. Array designs may also capitalize on rectilinear transducer design while having the benefits of a transducer tiling that has irrational spacing to promote the spread of grating lobe energy.

A sonar transducer assembly for controlling sonar beam shapes is provided. The sonar transducer assembly comprises a sonar transducer element having an emitting face. The sonar transducer element is configured to generate a sonar beam having a path. The sonar transducer element is configured to operate at an operating frequency, and the sonar transducer element possesses a sensitivity. The sonar transducer assembly also comprises a horn having a first diffraction element and a second diffraction element. The first diffraction element and the second diffraction element are configured to increase the sensitivity of the sonar transducer element when the sonar transducer element is operated at the operating frequency. Additionally, the horn is positioned so that the first diffraction element and the second diffraction element rest within the path of the sonar beam. The horn is configured to reform a beam shape of the sonar beam.

Defining critical spacing is necessary for steering of parametric audio. Comparing steering measurements both with and without a waveguide leads to a conclusion that the diffuse phyllotactic grating lobe contributes audio and is to blame for poor steering. In addition, the waveguide needs to function with correct phase offsets to achieve the steering required for performance. Arranging tubes so that the array configuration changes from rectilinear to another distribution is useful when the waveguide is short of critical spacing or constrained for space. Array designs may also capitalize on rectilinear transducer design while having the benefits of a transducer tiling that has irrational spacing to promote the spread of grating lobe energy.