A multilayer exchange spring recording media consist of a magnetically hard magnetic storage layer strongly exchange coupled to a softer nucleation host. The strong exchange coupling can be through a coupling layer or direct. The hard magnetic storage layer has a strong perpendicular anisotropy. The nucleation host consists of one or more ferromagnetic coupled layers. For a multilayer nucleation host the anisotropy increases from layer to layer. The anisotropy in the softest layer of the nucleation host can be two times smaller than that of the hard magnetic storage layer. The lateral exchange between the grains is small. The nucleation host decreases the coercive field significantly while keeping the energy barrier of the hard layer almost unchanged. The coercive field of the total structure depends on one over number of layers in the nucleation host. The invention proposes a recording media that overcomes the writeability problem of perpendicular recording media.

A multilayer exchange spring recording media consist of a magnetically hard magnetic storage layer strongly exchange coupled to a softer nucleation host. The strong exchange coupling can be through a coupling layer or direct. The hard magnetic storage layer has a strong perpendicular anisotropy. The nucleation host consists of one or more ferromagnetic coupled layers. For a multilayer nucleation host the anisotropy increases from layer to layer. The anisotropy in the softest layer of the nucleation host can be two times smaller than that of the hard magnetic storage layer. The lateral exchange between the grains is small. The nucleation host decreases the coercive field significantly while keeping the energy barrier of the hard layer almost unchanged. The coercive field of the total structure depends on one over number of layers in the nucleation host. The invention proposes a recording media that overcomes the writeability problem of perpendicular recording media.

A multilayer exchange spring recording media consists of a magnetically hard magnetic storage layer strongly exchange coupled to a softer nucleation host. The strong exchange coupling can be through a coupling layer or direct. The hard magnetic storage layer has a strong perpendicular anisotropy. The nucleation host consists of one or more ferromagnetic coupled layers. For a multilayer nucleation host the anisotropy increases from layer to layer. The anisotropy in the softest layer of the nucleation host can be two times smaller than that of the hard magnetic storage layer. The lateral exchange between the grains is small. The nucleation host decreases the coercive field significantly while keeping the energy barrier of the hard layer almost unchanged. The coercive field of the total structure depends on one over number of layers in the nucleation host. The invention proposes a recording media that overcomes the writeability problem of perpendicular recording media.

A multilayer exchange spring recording media consists of a magnetically hard magnetic storage layer strongly exchange coupled to a softer nucleation host. The strong exchange coupling can be through a coupling layer or direct. The hard magnetic storage layer has a strong perpendicular anisotropy. The nucleation host consists of one or more ferromagnetic coupled layers. For a multilayer nucleation host the anisotropy increases from layer to layer. The anisotropy in the softest layer of the nucleation host can be two times smaller than that of the hard magnetic storage layer. The lateral exchange between the grains is small. The nucleation host decreases the coercive field significantly while keeping the energy barrier of the hard layer almost unchanged. The coercive field of the total structure depends on one over number of layers in the nucleation host. The invention proposes a recording media that overcomes the writeability problem of perpendicular recording media.

A magnetic recording medium includes: a substrate; an underlayer; and a magnetic layer including an alloy having a L1.sub.0 structure and a (001) orientation, wherein the substrate, the underlayer, and the magnetic layer are stacked in the recited order, and wherein the magnetic layer has a granular structure and includes a carbon hydride, a boron hydride, or a boron nitride hydride.

According to one embodiment, a manufacturing method of a magnetic recording medium includes measuring characteristics of multilayer film including a magnetic recording layer, calculating a residual between an index value to set a sputtering power and the characteristics, acquiring a feedback correction factor by calculating moving average deviations of the residual, and calculating a new index value of each layer in the multilayer film by using a calculation model which estimates the characteristics from calculated film thicknesses using a virtual metrology technique, referring to the feedback correction factor and performing backward calculation with a solver using an electronic calculator.

A tape-shaped magnetic recording medium includes a base, a nonmagnetic layer that is provided on the base and contains a nonmagnetic powder, and a magnetic layer that is provided on the nonmagnetic layer and contains a magnetic powder. In the magnetic recording medium, the magnetic layer has an average thickness of not more than 90 nm, the magnetic powder has an average aspect ratio of from 1.0 to 3.0, a coercive force Hc1 in a perpendicular direction is not more than 3,000 Oe, the coercive force Hc1 in the perpendicular direction and a coercive force Hc2 in a longitudinal direction satisfy the relation of Hc2/Hc10.8, the nonmagnetic layer has an average thickness of not more than 1.1 m, and the nonmagnetic powder has an average particle volume of not more than 2.010.sup.5 m.sup.3.

There are provided: an aluminum alloy substrate for a magnetic disk, in which the product of the sheet thickness and loss factor of the substrate is 0.710.sup.3 or more; a method for producing the aluminum alloy substrate for a magnetic disk; and a magnetic disk, in which an electroless NiP plating treatment layer and a magnetic layer formed thereon are disposed on a surface of the aluminum alloy substrate for a magnetic disk.

The magnetic tape includes: a non-magnetic support; a non-magnetic layer including non-magnetic powder and a binding agent on the non-magnetic support; and a magnetic layer including ferromagnetic powder and a binding agent on the non-magnetic layer, in which a total thickness of the non-magnetic layer and the magnetic layer is equal to or smaller than 0.60 m, the magnetic layer has a servo pattern, the ferromagnetic powder is ferromagnetic hexagonal ferrite powder, an intensity ratio of a peak intensity of a diffraction peak of a (110) plane with respect to a peak intensity of a diffraction peak of a (114) plane of a hexagonal ferrite crystal structure obtained by an X-ray diffraction analysis of the magnetic layer by using an In-Plane method is 0.5 to 4.0, and a vertical direction squareness ratio of the magnetic tape is 0.65 to 1.00, and a magnetic tape device including this magnetic tape.

The present disclosure provides a sputtering target containing one or more metals of Fe, Co, Cr, and Pt, and one or more of C and BN, with less generation of particles, and a method for producing the same. A sputtering target including: one or more metallic phases selected from a group consisting of Fe, Co, Cr, and Pt; and one or more nonmetallic phases selected from a group consisting of C and BN, wherein the sputtering target satisfies: A40, and A/B1.7 in which A represents the number of boundaries between the metallic phases and the nonmetallic phases on a line segment having a length of 500 m drawn in a vertical direction, in a structure photograph; and B represents the number of boundaries between the metallic phases and the nonmetallic phases on a line segment having a length of 500 m drawn in a horizontal direction, in the structure photograph.