Techniques are provided for writing a high-level state to a memory cell capable of storing three or more logic states. After a sense operation performed by a first sense component and a second sense component, a digit line may be isolated from the first sense component and the second sense component. The high-level state may be stored in the memory cell, then a second state may be stored in the memory cell, in which the second state may be a mid-level state or a low-level state. The second state may be stored based on a write-back component identifying that the second state was stored in the memory cell before the write back procedure.

Methods, systems, and devices for feedback for multi-level signaling in a memory device are described. A receiver may use a modulation scheme to communicate information with a host device. The receiver may include a first circuit, a second circuit, a third circuit, and a fourth circuit. Each of the first circuit, the second circuit, the third circuit, and the fourth circuit may determine, for a respective clock phase, a voltage level of a signal modulated using the modulation scheme. The receiver may include a first feedback circuit, a second feedback circuit, a third feedback circuit, and a fourth feedback circuit. The first feedback circuit that may use information received from the first circuit at the first clock phase and modify the signal input into the second circuit for the second clock phase.

A semiconductor memory cell includes a floating body region configured to be charged to a level indicative of a state of the memory cell; a first region in electrical contact with said floating body region; a second region in electrical contact with said floating body region and spaced apart from said first region; and a gate positioned between said first and second regions. The cell may be a multi-level cell. Arrays of memory cells are disclosed for making a memory device. Methods of operating memory cells are also provided.

Methods, systems, and devices for system and method for reading and writing memory management data through a non-volatile cell based register are described. A memory device may include a set of latch units addressable via a set of row lines and a set of column lines. Each latch unit may include a sense amplifier coupled with a first line and a first non-volatile capacitor coupled with the first line and a second line, where the first capacitor is configured to store a charge representing one or more bits. Additionally, each latch unit may include a second capacitor coupled with the first line and a third line, where the second capacitor is configured to amplify a voltage at the first line based on the charge stored in the first capacitor.

A method of generating a multi-level signal having one of three or more voltage levels that are different from each other, the method including: performing a first voltage setting operation in which first and second voltage intervals are adjusted to be different from each other, wherein the first voltage interval represents a difference between a first pair of adjacent voltage levels and the second voltage interval represents a difference between a second pair of adjacent voltage levels; performing a second voltage setting operation in which a voltage swing width is adjusted, the voltage swing width representing a difference between a lowest and a highest voltage level among the three or more voltage levels; and generating an output data signal that is the multi-level signal based on input data including two or more bits, a result of the first voltage setting operation and a result of the second voltage setting operation.

According to one embodiment, a memory system includes a semiconductor memory device including a memory cell capable of holding at least 4-bit data and a controller configured to control a first write operation and a second write operation based on the 4-bit data. The controller includes a conversion circuit configured to convert 4-bit data into 2-bit data. The semiconductor memory device includes a recovery controller configured to recover the 4-bit data based on the converted 2-bit data and data written in the memory cell by the first write operation. The first write operation is executed based on the 4-bit data received from the controller, and the second write operation is executed based on the 4-bit data recovered by the recovery controller.

Methods, systems, and devices for drive strength calibration for multi-level signaling are described. A driver may be configured to have an initial drive strength and to drive an output pin of a transmitting device toward an intermediate voltage level of a multi-level modulation scheme, where the output pin is coupled with a receiving device via a channel. The receiving device may generate, and the transmitting device may receive, a feedback signal indicating a relationship between the resulting voltage of the channel and an value for the intermediate voltage level. The transmitting device may determine and configure the driver to use an adjusted drive strength for the intermediate voltage level based on the feedback signal. The driver may be calibrated (e.g., independently) for each intermediate voltage level of the multi-level modulation scheme. Further, the driver may be calibrated for the associated channel.

A memory device includes a first memory cell, a second memory cell, a third memory cell, a bitline sense amplifier, and a switch circuit. The first memory cell is connected to a first wordline and a first bitline. The second memory cell is connected to the first wordline and a second bitline. The third memory cell is connected to the first wordline and a third bitline. The bitline sense amplifier is connected to the third bitline. The switch circuit is connected to the first bitline, the second bitline, and the bitline sense amplifier. The switch circuit performs charge sharing between the first memory cell and the first bitline to generate a first reference voltage, and charge sharing between the second memory cell and the second bitline to generate a second reference voltage.

A system of processing a task based on information of frequently used algorithms learned through a memory unit includes a first memory, a second memory, a processor, and a reading unit. The processor processes a first type of task using a first algorithm, and writes to a first memory cell of the second memory. The second memory including first and second memory cells each having a charge storage element. The first and second memory cells correspond to the first and second algorithms, respectively. The reading unit senses a first voltage stored in the first memory cell and a second voltage stored in the second memory cell, and provides information of frequently used algorithms to the processing device based on the sensed first and second voltages.

Methods, systems, and devices for drive strength calibration for multi-level signaling are described. A driver may be configured to have an initial drive strength and to drive an output pin of a transmitting device toward an intermediate voltage level of a multi-level modulation scheme, where the output pin is coupled with a receiving device via a channel. The receiving device may generate, and the transmitting device may receive, a feedback signal indicating a relationship between the resulting voltage of the channel and an value for the intermediate voltage level. The transmitting device may determine and configure the driver to use an adjusted drive strength for the intermediate voltage level based on the feedback signal. The driver may be calibrated (e.g., independently) for each intermediate voltage level of the multi-level modulation scheme. Further, the driver may be calibrated for the associated channel.