An optical mechanism and an optical system for optical-medium storage. The mechanism includes an optical-medium storage device, and an optical-medium transmission device. The optical-medium storage device is provided with an optical-medium storage module, configured to store an optical medium, and an optical-medium input-output end, configured to receive and transmit the optical medium to the optical-medium storage module and read data from the optical-medium storage module. The optical-medium receiving module is configured to receive the optical medium transmitted from outside and transmit the optical medium to the optical-medium storage module via the optical-medium input-output end, according to a receiving instruction. The optical-medium storing module is configured to form a storage path for the optical medium with the optical-medium storage module. The optical-medium reading module is configured to provide an interface for reading and read the optical medium stored in the optical-medium storage module, according to a reading instruction.

A phase-change memory (10) for the non-volatile storage of binary contents stores the binary contents electrically and/or optically in a non-volatile manner by locally switching a material (18) between an amorphous and a crystalline phase. The state with respect to the electrical conductivity of the material (18) and/or the reflection properties of the material (18) determines the information content of the phase-change memory (10). A method for non-volatile storage of binary contents in a phase-change memory (10), which stores the binary contents electrically and/or optically in a non-volatile manner by locally switching a material (18) between an amorphous and a crystalline phase, whereby the state with respect to the electrical conductivity of the material (18) and/or the reflection properties of the material (18) determines the information content of the phase-change memory (10).

A system writes input data to a storage device as machine-written polynucleotides; and reads machine written polynucleotides from the storage device as output data. The storage device includes a flow cell including a plurality of storage wells in which machine written polynucleotides may be stored. The storage device may include a set of electrodes corresponding to the storage wells that allow for selective interactions with wells across the surface of a flow cell. Operation of the storage device may include receiving a read request associated with a particular location in the storage device, creating a copy of a nucleotide sequence located at the particular location in the storage device, transferring the copy of the nucleotide sequence to a read location, and reading the copy of the nucleotide sequence at the read location.

A method of fabricating an optical element comprises: providing a substrate of a transparent material; applying a plurality of circularly polarised focused femtosecond laser pulses to a volume within the substrate to create substantially spherical nanopores in the volume; and applying at least one and not more than ten non-circularly polarised focused femtosecond laser pulses to the volume to transform the spherical nanopores into oblate spheroidal nanopores.

A system writes input data to a storage device as machine-written polynucleotides; and reads machine written polynucleotides from the storage device as output data. The storage device includes a flow cell including a plurality of storage wells in which machine written polynucleotides may be stored. The storage device may include a set of electrodes corresponding to the storage wells that allow for selective interactions with wells across the surface of a flow cell. Operation of the storage device may include receiving a read request associated with a particular location in the storage device, creating a copy of a nucleotide sequence located at the particular location in the storage device, transferring the copy of the nucleotide sequence to a read location, and reading the copy of the nucleotide sequence at the read location.

One embodiment provides an optical encoder. The optical encoder includes an optical comb source to generate a multi-wavelength optical signal; a number of optical filters sequentially coupled to the optical comb source, with a respective optical filter being tunable to pass or block a particular wavelength of the multi-wavelength optical signal based on a corresponding bit value of a multi-bit search word; and a common output for the optical filters to output the filtered multi-wavelength optical signal, which encodes the multi-bit search word and can be used as an optical search signal for searching an optical content-addressable memory (CAM).

An optical mechanism and an optical system for optical-medium storage. The mechanism includes an optical-medium storage device, and an optical-medium transmission device. The optical-medium storage device is provided with an optical-medium storage module, configured to store an optical medium, and an optical-medium input-output end, configured to receive and transmit the optical medium to the optical-medium storage module and read data from the optical-medium storage module. The optical-medium receiving module is configured to receive the optical medium transmitted from outside and transmit the optical medium to the optical-medium storage module via the optical-medium input-output end, according to a receiving instruction. The optical-medium storing module is configured to form a storage path for the optical medium with the optical-medium storage module. The optical-medium reading module is configured to provide an interface for reading and read the optical medium stored in the optical-medium storage module, according to a reading instruction.

A semiconductor storage device comprises a plurality of memory cells arranged in a matrix. Each of the memory cells includes: a semiconductor storage element including a silicon carbide substrate and a silicon carbide film on a first surface of the silicon carbide substrate; a lower electrode on a second surface facing away from the first surface of the silicon carbide substrate; and an upper electrode on at least part of a surface of the silicon carbide film, the surface facing away from another surface of the silicon carbide film in contact with the silicon carbide substrate. Each memory cell includes at least one basal plane dislocation formed at at least part of the semiconductor storage element.

Devices, systems, and methods for non-volatile storage include a well activation device operable to modify one or more wells from a plurality of wells of a flow cell to provide a set of readable wells. Readable wells are configured to allow exposure of a well to substances from nucleotide sequencing fluids, and prevent exposure to other substances and fluids, such as nucleotide synthesizing fluids. The well activation device may also modify wells to provide a set of writeable wells. This set of wells is configured to allow exposure to the nucleotide synthesizing fluids and substances; and prevent exposure to the nucleotide sequencing fluids and substances. There may also be provisions made for risk mitigation for data errors such as generating commands to write specified data to a nucleotide sequence associated with a particular location in a storage device, reading the nucleotide sequence and performing a comparison.

A system writes input data to a storage device as machine-written polynucleotides; and reads machine written polynucleotides from the storage device as output data. The storage device includes a flow cell including a plurality of storage wells in which machine written polynucleotides may be stored. The storage device may include a set of electrodes corresponding to the storage wells that allow for selective interactions with wells across the surface of a flow cell. Operation of the storage device may include receiving a read request associated with a particular location in the storage device, creating a copy of a nucleotide sequence located at the particular location in the storage device, transferring the copy of the nucleotide sequence to a read location, and reading the copy of the nucleotide sequence at the read location.