A vessel electrical penetration assembly for a feed-through of nuclear reactor vessel, the assembly including: a docking tube to form an extension of the secondary containment barrier of the reactor, the docking tube including: a first end to be positioned in the interior of the vessel and to be mechanically and sealably connected to an actuator in the interior of the vessel, and a second end to be mechanically and sealably secured to the vessel; a seal-tight electrical bar that passes through the docking tube and having on either side seal-tight connectors ensuring an electrical link between the actuator and the exterior of the reactor; the seal-tight electrical bar including a system for limiting a leakage of primary liquid to the exterior of the vessel if the secondary containment barrier extension fails; and a mechanical maintaining system for securing, under the required pressure conditions, the electrical bar to the vessel.

Disclosed are an electrical penetration assembly, a manufacturing method thereof, and an electrical penetration device, which relate to the technical field of electrical penetration. The electrical penetration assembly comprises sealing glass (5), an outer tube (4) and a conductor (7) inserted into the outer tube (4), wherein both ends of the outer tube (4) are blocked by supporting and fixing blocks (8), and both ends of the conductor (7) respectively protrude from the corresponding supporting and fixing blocks (8); the sealing glass (5) is sintered between the conductor (7) and the outer tube (4) and is configured to divide an annular cavity jointly enclosed by the conductor (7), the outer tube (4) and the supporting and fixing blocks (8) into an upper cavity and a lower cavity; an optical fiber (14) penetrates the sealing glass (5), at least one end of the optical fiber (14) is connected to an optical fiber splice (3) after protruding from the corresponding supporting and fixing block (8), and a portion of the optical fiber (14) located in the sealing glass (5) is inscribed with a fiber Bragg grating to form a first fiber Bragg grating sensor (1). By utilizing the first fiber Bragg grating sensor (1) to monitor the strain and temperature of the sealing glass (5) in real time, not only can it judge whether the electrical penetration assembly meets the requirements for hermeticity, but also enable precise control of the sintering temperature.

Disclosed are an electrical penetration assembly, a manufacturing method thereof, and an electrical penetration device, which relate to the technical field of electrical penetration. The electrical penetration assembly comprises sealing glass (5), an outer tube (4) and a conductor (7) inserted into the outer tube (4), wherein both ends of the outer tube (4) are blocked by supporting and fixing blocks (8), and both ends of the conductor (7) respectively protrude from the corresponding supporting and fixing blocks (8); the sealing glass (5) is sintered between the conductor (7) and the outer tube (4) and is configured to divide an annular cavity jointly enclosed by the conductor (7), the outer tube (4) and the supporting and fixing blocks (8) into an upper cavity and a lower cavity; an optical fiber (14) penetrates the sealing glass (5), at least one end of the optical fiber (14) is connected to an optical fiber splice (3) after protruding from the corresponding supporting and fixing block (8), and a portion of the optical fiber (14) located in the sealing glass (5) is inscribed with a fiber Bragg grating to form a first fiber Bragg grating sensor (1). By utilizing the first fiber Bragg grating sensor (1) to monitor the strain and temperature of the sealing glass (5) in real time, not only can it judge whether the electrical penetration assembly meets the requirements for hermeticity, but also enable precise control of the sintering temperature.

A decommissioning method of biodegradable concrete of a nuclear power plant according to an exemplary embodiment includes: decommissioning a neutron detector positioning device installed to biodegradable concrete surrounding a nuclear reactor to form a plurality of penetrated parts in the biodegradable concrete; inserting a part of a cutting device into the plurality of penetrated parts; and decomposing the biodegradable concrete into a plurality of sub-concrete parts by using the cutting device.

The invention relates to the field of electrical engineering, and specifically to sealed inlets of electrical circuits into a sealed area of a multi-layered containment shell of a nuclear power station. This design can be used in passages through an external and an internal wall which are subject to relative mutual displacement as a consequence of a seismic phenomenon or thermal expansion of the walls and passage. The problem addressed by the present invention is that of increasing the operating reliability of a sealed cable inlet when high-voltage electrical conductors which have little bending capacity are used. The problem addressed is achieved in that the sealed cable inlet through an external and an internal wall of a containment shell of a nuclear power station comprises an embedded pipe (3) which is arranged in the internal wall (1), with an inlet section (44) of a cable (2) fixed rigidly within said pipe. A means for compensating for a relative movement between the cable (2) and the external wall (11) is mounted in the external wall (11) coaxially with respect to the pipe (3). The compensating means has a tube (19) with a bellows (24) on the external end plane (20) and with a second analogous bellows (25) which is mounted symmetrically on the opposite end plane (21) of the tube (19) at the internal surface (18) of the external wall (11). The free ends (30) and (31) of the two bellows (24) and (25) are of conical design and have internal surfaces (28) and (29) which are support elements for an outlet section (46) of the cable (2), which is arranged freely in the tube (19) with a gap (47) relative to the internal surface (49) of the tube (19). The gap (47) between the braiding (48) along the external surface of the cable (2) and the internal surface (49) of the tube (19) is selected using a design calculation. The gap (47) must not be less than the value of maximum orthogonal thermo-seismic movement in one plane of the internal wall (1) relative to the external wall (11) and change in the coaxial position of the cable (2) in the tube (19).

The invention relates to the field of electrical engineering, and specifically to sealed inlets of electrical circuits into a sealed area of a multi-layered containment shell of a nuclear power station. This design can be used in passages through an external and an internal wall which are subject to relative mutual displacement as a consequence of a seismic phenomenon or thermal expansion of the walls and passage. The problem addressed by the present invention is that of increasing the operating reliability of a sealed cable inlet when high-voltage electrical conductors which have little bending capacity are used. The problem addressed is achieved in that the sealed cable inlet through an external and an internal wall of a containment shell of a nuclear power station comprises an embedded pipe (3) which is arranged in the internal wall (1), with an inlet section (44) of a cable (2) fixed rigidly within said pipe. A means for compensating for a relative movement between the cable (2) and the external wall (11) is mounted in the external wall (11) coaxially with respect to the pipe (3). The compensating means has a tube (19) with a bellows (24) on the external end plane (20) and with a second analogous bellows (25) which is mounted symmetrically on the opposite end plane (21) of the tube (19) at the internal surface (18) of the external wall (11). The free ends (30) and (31) of the two bellows (24) and (25) are of conical design and have internal surfaces (28) and (29) which are support elements for an outlet section (46) of the cable (2), which is arranged freely in the tube (19) with a gap (47) relative to the internal surface (49) of the tube (19). The gap (47) between the braiding (48) along the external surface of the cable (2) and the internal surface (49) of the tube (19) is selected using a design calculation. The gap (47) must not be less than the value of maximum orthogonal thermo-seismic movement in one plane of the internal wall (1) relative to the external wall (11) and change in the coaxial position of the cable (2) in the tube (19).

A nuclear reactor has a pressurizer housed in a vessel. Heating elements are completely housed in the pressurizer. The nuclear reactor has electrical conductors that are the only feature leaving the vessel through electrical penetrations. The nuclear reactor can be operated to produce energy. The production of energy can be stopped, and the vessel of the reactor can be opened for performing maintenance operations on elements of the pressurizer and other components of the reactor, including fuel assembly replacement. After performing maintenance operations, the vessel of the reactor can be closed and energy production resumed.

An electrical penetration assembly for a nuclear reactor vessel, mountable in an aperture of a nuclear reactor vessel, includes a penetration body including first and second ends to be positioned, respectively, inside and outside the vessel; a sealed electrical connector providing a first seal for the electrical penetration assembly, the sealed connector insulating the penetration body at the first end; a feed-through carrier flange having a plurality of unitary electrical feed-throughs, each unitary feed-through allowing a single electrical conductor to pass therethrough, thereby ensuring continuity of the electrical connections, each unitary feed-through being individually insulated by an individual insulator providing a second seal, the unitary feed-throughs insulating the penetration body at the second end; and an anti-ejection device formed by the engagement between a narrowed portion provided at each unitary feed-through and a shoulder that is larger than the narrowed portion and provided on each of the electrical conductors.

An electrical penetration assembly for a nuclear reactor vessel, mountable in an aperture of a nuclear reactor vessel, includes a penetration body including first and second ends to be positioned, respectively, inside and outside the vessel; a sealed electrical connector providing a first seal for the electrical penetration assembly, the sealed connector insulating the penetration body at the first end; a feed-through carrier flange having a plurality of unitary electrical feed-throughs, each unitary feed-through allowing a single electrical conductor to pass therethrough, thereby ensuring continuity of the electrical connections, each unitary feed-through being individually insulated by an individual insulator providing a second seal, the unitary feed-throughs insulating the penetration body at the second end; and an anti-ejection device formed by the engagement between a narrowed portion provided at each unitary feed-through and a shoulder that is larger than the narrowed portion and provided on each of the electrical conductors.

A vessel electrical penetration assembly for a feed-through of nuclear reactor vessel, the assembly including: a docking tube to form an extension of the secondary containment barrier of the reactor, the docking tube including: a first end to be positioned in the interior of the vessel and to be mechanically and sealably connected to an actuator in the interior of the vessel, and a second end to be mechanically and sealably secured to the vessel; a seal-tight electrical bar that passes through the docking tube and having on either side seal-tight connectors ensuring an electrical link between the actuator and the exterior of the reactor; the seal-tight electrical bar including a system for limiting a leakage of primary liquid to the exterior of the vessel if the secondary containment barrier extension fails; and a mechanical maintaining system for securing, under the required pressure conditions, the electrical bar to the vessel.