The disclosure relates to an inorganic, halogen-free flameproofing agent produced from modified, recarbonized red mud (MKRS-HT). The agent may have a mineral composition of 10 to 50 weight % of iron compounds, 12 to 35 weight % of aluminum compounds, 5 to 17 weight % of silicon compounds, 2 to 10 weight % of titanium dioxide, 0.5 to 6 weight % of calcium compounds the weight ratio of Fe (II) carbonate to the oxides of iron being at least 1. The agent, according to examples, can be used as a flame retardant in the high-temperature range. The disclosure further relates to flameproofing agent produced from modified, recarbonized and rehydrated red mud, which may be a flame retardant in the low-temperature range as well as in the high-temperature range, methods for producing same and use as flame retardants, substitutes, synergists, thermal stabilizers, heat accumulators, heat insulators and/or sound insulators and/or as electromagnetic radiation shielding materials.

Brine sludge is an industrial waste generated in chloral alkali industry. The generated brine sludge waste is dumped into landfills and contains barium sulphate, calcium carbonate, magnesium hydroxide, sodium chloride, clay, and toxic elements like chromium, zinc, copper, and vanadium, therefore posing an environmental threat. Consequently, there is an urgent need to convert toxic brine sludge waste into its non-toxic form. The present invention thus aims to achieve total utilization of this brine sludge for making functionalized brine sludge material useful for a broad application spectrum.

The present invention provides a bidirectional energy-transfer system comprising: a thermally and/or electrically conductive concrete, disposed in a structural object; a location of energy supply or demand that is physically isolated from, but in thermodynamic and/or electromagnetic communication with, the thermally and/or electrically conductive concrete; and a means of transferring energy between the structural object and the location of energy supply or demand. The system can be a single node in a neural network. The thermally and/or electrically conductive concrete includes a conductive, shock-absorbing material, such as graphite. Preferred compositions are disclosed for the thermally and/or electrically conductive concrete. The bidirectional energy-transfer system may be present in a solar-energy collection system, a grade beam, an indoor radiant flooring system, a structural wall or ceiling, a bridge, a roadway, a driveway, a parking lot, a commercial aviation runway, a military runway, a grain silo, or pavers, for example.

A radioactive waste container, suitable for housing a canister or rack (C) containing the waste constituting a source of radioactive emission; and comprising: an inner containment barrier (1) against photon radiation, delimiting a housing for the canister or rack (C) containing the radioactive waste to be stored and comprising: an inner cylindrical steel ferrule (11), a base (12) and a lid (13); an outer containment barrier (2) against photon radiation, forming the outer surface of the container (10) and comprising: an outer cylindrical steel ferrule (21), a base (22) and a lid (23) and, an intermediate concrete layer (3) arranged between said inner (11) and outer (21) ferrules and forming a shield against neutron radiation.

A radioactive waste container, suitable for housing a canister or rack (C) containing the waste constituting a source of radioactive emission; and comprising: an inner containment barrier (1) against photon radiation, delimiting a housing for the canister or rack (C) containing the radioactive waste to be stored and comprising: an inner cylindrical steel ferrule (11), a base (12) and a lid (13); an outer containment barrier (2) against photon radiation, forming the outer surface of the container (10) and comprising: an outer cylindrical steel ferrule (21), a base (22) and a lid (23) and, an intermediate concrete layer (3) arranged between said inner (11) and outer (21) ferrules and forming a shield against neutron radiation.

A migration prevention system for radioactive wastewater from an underground nuclear power plant. The underground nuclear power plant includes a nuclear island including an underground cavern group including a reactor cavity and auxiliary cavities. The migration prevention system includes a protective layer coating the reactor cavity and an impermeable layer surrounding the nuclear island. The protective layer includes an inner liner, a drainage layer, and a filling layer of rock fractures in that order. The inner liner is configured to prevent exosmosis of the radioactive wastewater of the reactor cavity. The drainage layer is configured to gather and drain seepage water. The impermeable layer is disposed in the periphery of the underground cavern group including the reactor cavity and the auxiliary cavities, and is configured to isolate the underground cavern group from natural underground water.

Brine sludge is an industrial waste generated in chloral alkali industry. The generated brine sludge waste is dumped into landfills and contains barium sulphate, calcium carbonate, magnesium hydroxide, sodium chloride, clay, and toxic elements like chromium, zinc, copper, and vanadium, therefore posing an environmental threat. Consequently, there is an urgent need to convert toxic brine sludge waste into its non-toxic form. The present invention thus aims to achieve total utilization of this brine sludge for making functionalized brine sludge material useful for a broad application spectrum.

A neutron capture therapy system includes a neutron generating device and a beam shaping assembly. The neutron capture therapy system further includes a concrete wall accommodating the neutron generating device and the beam shaping assembly and shielding radiations generated by the neutron generating device and the beam shaping assembly, the concrete wall and a reinforcing portion at least partially disposed in the concrete wall are provided to support the beam shaping assembly, and more than 90% of weight of a material of the reinforcing portion is composed of at least one element of C, H, O, N, Si, Al, Mg, Li, B, Mn, Cu, Zn, S, Ca, and Ti. In the neutron capture therapy system, the reinforcing portion disposed in the concrete wall has good anti-activation performance. Therefore, compared with a conventional reinforced concrete structure, the radiation is further attenuated.

The present invention provides a bidirectional energy-transfer system comprising: a thermally and/or electrically conductive concrete, disposed in a structural object; a location of energy supply or demand that is physically isolated from, but in thermodynamic and/or electromagnetic communication with, the thermally and/or electrically conductive concrete; and a means of transferring energy between the structural object and the location of energy supply or demand. The system can be a single node in a neural network. The thermally and/or electrically conductive concrete includes a conductive, shock-absorbing material, such as graphite. Preferred compositions are disclosed for the thermally and/or electrically conductive concrete. The bidirectional energy-transfer system may be present in a solar-energy collection system, a grade beam, an indoor radiant flooring system, a structural wall or ceiling, a bridge, a roadway, a driveway, a parking lot, a commercial aviation runway, a military runway, a grain silo, or pavers, for example.

The present invention relates to a lead free glossy finish hybrid radiation shielding composite panel comprising: a) 40-70% of industrial waste red mud and 30-60% of epoxy/polyester resin with or without glass fibre, wherein the composite panel has density in the range of 1.4-2.2 g/cc; water absorption in the range of 0.20-0.30%; tensile strength in the range of 12-120 MPa; tensile modulus in the range of 1.5-7.5 GPa; and half value layer in the range of 0.36-0.47 cm and 0.48-0.52 cm for X-ray beam energies of 60 and 100 kVp, respectively. The present invention also describes a low temperature process for manufacturing the composite panels. Moreover, the developed composite panel is a unique material and have multifunctional applications in wider spectrum as high energy electromagnetic radiation shielding doors, panels, partition panels and as roofing sheets.